Purpose: Several high-income countries install Cash-for-Care Schemes (CCSs) by granting budgets to care users. However, little quantitative evidence exist on empowerment and client-centered care levels, due to a lack of validated scales. This research aimed to validate the Psychological Empowerment Scale (PE scale) and Client-Centered Care Questionnaire (CCCQ) in budget holders with disabilities.
Methods: A survey was developed based on a literature review and experts and budget holders input. Principal Axis Factoring with direct oblimin rotation, Cronbach's Alpha, and hypotheses testing with socio-demographic and budget characteristics as independent variables, and PE scale and CCCQ as dependent, were undertaken to assess both scales' internal consistency and validity.
Results: A convenience sample of 224 Flemish (proxy) budget holders completed the survey. Our analysis showed a two-factor solution for both scales; for the PE scale consisting of "meaning" and "competence," and "self-determination" and "impact," for CCCQ consisting of items 1-7 (conduct by caregiver) and items 8-15 (autonomy). Cronbach's Alpha of both scales was 0.94. The majority of our hypotheses were confirmed.
Conclusions: The findings show that both scales are valid and internally consistent, meaning that they can be further tested in a respondent sample of people with disabilities and in other care contexts.
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