Introduction: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum with pneumopericardium is an uncommon clinical entity.
Case Study: Here, we report the case of a 23-year-old male with asthma who presented with acute chest pain and shortness of breath after an episode of coughing and sneezing. CT scans of the chest and neck revealed pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium with extensive subcutaneous emphysema extending into the axilla and neck.
Results: The patient was admitted for observation and analgesia. No other interventions were administered. Interval scans performed on day five of the admission demonstrated an interval reduction in the degree of air within the mediastinum, pericardium and subcutaneous tissues, and the patient was subsequently discharged home.
Conclusion: This case outlines the presentation, diagnosis, and management of concurrent spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2024.2346151 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
Pulmonary Medicine, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
A nulliparous woman in her late 30s with a history of pericardial patch repair for atrial septal defect and completed treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis 9 years ago presented with chest pain, breathlessness and abdominal pain. Radiological imaging revealed right-sided pneumothorax, pneumopericardium and pneumoperitoneum for which an intercostal drain (ICD) was placed. A contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen showed a distal stomach perforation, which was managed conservatively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open
December 2024
Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Carolinas Campus Spartanburg South Carolina USA.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an infrequent condition typically secondary to smoking, illicit drug use, or asthma. The condition often follows barotrauma or bronchial hyperactivity, causing alveolar destruction and air trapping within the mediastinum. Rarely, it may present following strenuous exercise, particularly in tall, thin males, resembling the presentation of pneumothorax.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Department of Radiology, Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, Porto, PRT.
BMJ Case Rep
June 2024
Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Henri Duffaut, Avignon, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France.
Implantation of cardiac devices is usually considered to be a safe procedure. Rare complications, such as pneumothorax, may occur after the procedure. The association with pneumopericardium or pneumomediastinum is even more uncommon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Comp Pathol
May 2024
Servei de Diagnòstic de Patologia Veterinària, Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:
Air leak syndrome (ALS) is described in human medicine as a constellation of clinical disorders including pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, pulmonary interstitial emphysema, pneumothorax, pneumoperitoneum, pneumoretroperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema. The pathogenesis of ALS depends on the anatomy of the mediastinum and its associations with thoracic, abdominal and cervical connective tissues, as well as a physical phenomenon referred to as the Macklin effect. Various animal species develop diverse combinations of these lesions, although ALS has not been recognized in animals.
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