Aim: This study aims to assess and compare the effectiveness of different irrigation activation techniques in removing the smear layer from the root canal dentin using Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis.
Materials And Methods: A total of 60 extracted single-rooted premolar with straight canal and mature apex were used for this study. After the selection of teeth, all the samples were decoronated followed by biomechanical preparation. The sample after preparation was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite and randomly divided into three groups with 20 sample in each group ( = 20), (Group 1) control, (Group 2) ultrasonic, and (Group 3) laser. The irrigant activation was done in all the groups and then sample was prepared for the scanning electron microscope analysis.
Statistical Analysis: The statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney--test.
Results: The findings suggested that the diode laser irrigant activation technique was superior to the ultrasonic and conventional techniques to eradicate smear layers.
Conclusion: With the limitation of this study, diode laser activation showed better cleaning of root dentinal walls compared to ultrasonic activator and traditional method.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_254_23 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae caused lower respiratory tract infection in children and can exacerbate these infections through the production of various inflammatory factors, with chemokines playing a key role. However, the pathogenesis of this infection is complicated and thus has not been thoroughly studied. We clarified that cytokine expression levels were analyzed in both peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and in vitro assays were conducted using THP-1 macrophages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Arthroplasty
January 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905.
Background: Native and periprosthetic joint infections are devastating conditions fraught with patient morbidity and mortality. Aseptic and septic joints are often debrided and irrigated to decrease bacterial loads when preventing or treating infection. However, the effect of clinically used irrigation solutions on the native cellular components of the synovial joint is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Environ Res
January 2025
Agrobiology Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (LAMMC), Lithuania.
A comparative pot study was performed to assess the toxic effects of copper (Cu) and/or zinc (Zn) contaminated wastewater (WW) irrigation on the growth, physiology, and element concentration of wheat grown for two months. The treatments included irrigation with uncontaminated wastewater (WW) as control, Cu-contaminated WW (CuWW), Zn-contaminated WW (ZnWW), and Cu + Zn contaminated WW (CuZnWW) in a completely randomized design. Compared to ZnWW, irrigation with CuWW or CuZnWW had severe effects on growth, physiology, and mineral absorption by wheat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeerJ
January 2025
Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Wheat, a staple food crop globally, faces the challenges of limited water resources and sustainable soil management practices. The pivotal elements of the current study include the integration of activated acacia biochar (AAB) in wheat cultivation under varying irrigation regimes (IR). A field trial was conducted in the Botanical Garden, University of the Punjab, Lahore during 2023-2024, designed as a split-split-plot arrangement with RCBD comprising three AAB levels (0T, 5T, and 10T, T = tons per hectare) three wheat cultivars (Dilkash-2020, Akbar-2019, and FSD-08) receiving five IR levels (100%, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% field capacity).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
January 2025
DeepBlue Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Introduction: The salinization of coastal soils is a primary cause of global land degradation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic amendment on the soil microbial community within a saline gradient.
Methods: The study was designed with five levels of electrical conductivity (EC): 0.
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