AI Article Synopsis
- - Early differences in neuromuscular function were found between strength-trained (wrestling) and endurance-trained (triathlon) adolescent athletes, highlighting that such variations can emerge by early adolescence.
- - The study involved 23 triathletes, 12 wrestlers, and 12 untrained male adolescents, measuring knee extensor torque and muscle activation through various techniques like isometric contraction and EMG.
- - Results indicated that wrestlers had higher knee extensor torque and specific muscle architectural advantages compared to triathletes and untrained individuals, suggesting that strength training could lead to distinct neuromuscular characteristics even in young athletes.
Article Abstract
Introduction: Although neuromuscular function varies significantly between strength and endurance-trained adult athletes, it has yet to be ascertained whether such differences manifest by early adolescence. The aim of the present study was to compare knee extensor neuromuscular characteristics between adolescent athletes who are representative of strength (wrestling) or endurance (triathlon) sports.
Methods: Twenty-three triathletes (TRI), 12 wrestlers (WRE) and 12 untrained (CON) male adolescents aged 13 to 15 years participated in the present study. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) knee extensor (KE) torque was measured, and 100-Hz magnetic doublets were delivered to the femoral nerve during and after KE MVIC to quantify the voluntary activation level (%VA). The doublet peak torque (T) and normalized vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) EMG (EMG/M-wave) activities were quantified. VL and RF muscle architecture was also assessed at rest using ultrasound.
Results: Absolute and relative (to body mass) KE MVIC torques were significantly higher in WRE than TRI and CON (p < 0.05), but comparable between TRI and CON. No significant differences were observed between groups for %VA, T or either VL or RF muscle thickness. However, VL EMG/M-wave was higher, RF fascicle length longer, and pennation angle smaller in WRE than TRI and CON (all p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The wrestlers were stronger than triathletes and controls, potentially as a result of muscle architectural differences and a greater neural activation. Neuromuscular differences can already be detected by early adolescence in males between predominantly endurance and strength sports, which may result from selection bias and/or physical training.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-024-05480-9 | DOI Listing |
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