AI Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated the prevalence of post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) among children and adolescents in The Gambia, focusing on survivors of pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB).
- - Out of 79 participants, a significant number experienced respiratory issues after treatment, including cough and abnormal lung function as indicated by chest X-rays (CXR) and spirometry tests.
- - Factors like age at diagnosis, undernutrition, and lung fibrosis were linked to poorer lung function, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring and evaluation post-TB treatment to enhance patient outcomes.
Article Abstract
Background: Although post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) is a known consequence of pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB), few studies have reported the prevalence and spectrum of PTLD in children and adolescents.
Methods: Children and adolescent (≤19 years) survivors of pTB in the Western Regions of The Gambia underwent a respiratory symptom screening, chest X-ray (CXR) and spirometry at TB treatment completion. Variables associated with lung function impairment were identified through logistic regression models.
Results: Between March 2022 and July 2023, 79 participants were recruited. The median age was 15.6 years (IQR: 11.8, 17.9); the majority, 53/79 (67.1%), were treated for bacteriologically confirmed pTB, and 8/79 (10.1%) were children and adolescents living with HIV. At pTB treatment completion, 28/79 (35.4%) reported respiratory symptoms, 37/78 (47.4%) had radiological sequelae, and 45/79 (57.0%) had abnormal spirometry. The most common respiratory sequelae were cough (21/79, 26.6%), fibrosis on CXR (22/78, 28.2%), and restrictive spirometry (41/79, 51.9%). Age at TB diagnosis over ten years, undernutrition and fibrosis on CXR at treatment completion were significantly associated with abnormal spirometry (p = .050, .004, and .038, respectively).
Conclusion: Chronic respiratory symptoms, abnormal CXR, and impaired lung function are common and under-reported consequences of pTB in children and adolescents. Post-TB evaluation and monitoring may be necessary to improve patient outcomes.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.27009 | DOI Listing |
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