AI Article Synopsis
- Chronic hepatitis can be caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein, which helps the virus evade the human immune system and maintain long-term infections.
- This study examined 17 different X proteins from various animals to see if they also inhibit interferon (IFN) signaling.
- The findings showed that many X proteins, including one from domestic cat hepadnavirus, effectively disrupt critical pathways for producing IFN, suggesting a common pattern of immune evasion across species.
Article Abstract
causes chronic hepatitis in a broad range of mammals, including primates, cats, woodchucks, and bats. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein inhibits type-I interferon (IFN) signaling, thereby promoting HBV escape from the human innate immune system and establishing persistent infection. However, whether X proteins of viruses in other species display a similar inhibitory activity remains unknown. Here, we investigated the anti-IFN activity of 17 X proteins derived from various hosts. We observed conserved activity of X proteins in inhibiting TIR-domain-containing adaptor protein inducing IFN-β (TRIF)-mediated IFN-β signaling pathway through TRIF degradation. X proteins from domestic cat hepadnavirus (DCH), a novel member of , inhibited mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS)-mediated IFNβ signaling pathway comparable with HBV X. These results indicate that inhibition of IFN signaling is conserved in X proteins.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11011558 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073753 | DOI Listing |
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