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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c01947 | DOI Listing |
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The progression of basaltic-rhyolitic melt storage at Yellowstone Caldera.
Nature
January 2025
Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Yellowstone Caldera is one of the largest volcanic systems on Earth, hosting three major caldera-forming eruptions in the past two million years, interspersed with periods of less explosive, smaller-volume eruptions. Caldera-forming eruptions at Yellowstone are sourced by rhyolitic melts stored within the mid- to upper crust. Seismic tomography studies have suggested that a broad region of rhyolitic melt extends beneath Yellowstone Caldera, with an estimated melt volume that is one to four times greater than the eruptive volume of the largest past caldera-forming eruption, and an estimated melt fraction of 6-28 per cent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLocal rainfall is more likely than distant thunderstorms to affect movement behaviour in Northern Kenyan elephants.
PLoS One
December 2024
Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Previous research indicates that African savanna elephants change their movements preceding or coincident with local rainfall and it has been suggested that they respond to thunder in remote storms-perhaps reading seismic cues. We therefore aimed to test if elephants in Northern Kenya adhere to distinct daytime movement states between the wet and dry periods, and whether their abrupt movement changes precede local wet periods in response to lightning strikes from a specific compass heading. In our study site, lightning to the North and East often preceded local rainfall and could possibly be used to anticipate local wet periods, but local rainfall appears a more likely trigger of behavioural change.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensitivity of Band-Pass Filtered In Situ Low-Earth Orbit and Ground-Based Ionosphere Observations to Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling Over the Aegean Sea: Spectral Analysis of Two-Year Ionospheric Data Series.
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Ul. Oczapowskiego 2, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
This study demonstrates a rich complexity of the time-frequency ionospheric signal spectrum, dependent on the measurement type and platform. Different phenomena contributing to satellite-derived and ground-derived geophysical data that only selected signal bands can be potentially sensitive to seismicity over time, and they are applicable in lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling (LAIC) studies. In this study, satellite-derived and ground-derived ionospheric observations are filtered by a Fourier-based band-pass filter, and an experimental selection of potentially sensitive frequency bands has been carried out.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombined Surface Flux Transport and Helioseismic Far-Side Active Region Model (FARM).
Sol Phys
November 2024
Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Maps of the magnetic field at the Sun's surface are commonly used as boundary conditions in space-weather modeling. However, continuous observations are only available from the Earth-facing part of the Sun's surface. One commonly used approach to mitigate the lack of far-side information is to apply a surface flux transport (SFT) model to model the evolution of the magnetic field as the Sun rotates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (-OTDR) systems, phase unwrapping errors can distort vibration information. To address this issue, a phase unwrapping error identification and suppression method combining pruned exact linear time (PELT) changepoint detection, variational mode decomposition (VMD), and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, termed PELT-VMD-ARIMA, is proposed. Firstly, the principle of the proposed method is introduced, and its effectiveness is verified through a series of numerical simulation experiments.
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