The activity of leaf extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds from against nine phytopathogenic fungi and the nematode .

Phytopathogenic fungi and nematodes cause great losses in economically important crops and food production especially in developing countries. To minimize the use of fungicides and nematicides, researchers have concentrated on the use of natural products for crop disease prevention or control. The aim of the study was to investigate the antifungal activity of leaf extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds (obliquumol and a mixture of lupeol and β-amyrin) and nematocidal activity of fractions (hexane, chloroform and 30% water in methanol and the isolated compounds) on . Nine phytopathogenic fungi (. . . . and ) were used for testing and nematocidal activity was determined on motility of plant parasitic nematode race 2 juveniles Serial microdilution test was utilized to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each sample against the fungus. Motility tests was done on the second-stage juveniles (J2s) of . The most susceptible phytopathogenic fungal species to the acetone crude leaf extracts were and with MIC of 80 μg/ml which is considered pharmacological significant. was the most susceptible fungus against obliquumol and, lupeol and β-amyrin mixture with MIC values of 8 μg/ml and 16 μg/ml respectively. Lupeol & β-amyrin mixture had good activity on juvenile motility at high concentrations used which was significantly high ( ≤ 0.05) after 24 h, further incubation resulted in temporary paralysis at lower concentrations. Fractions and obliquumol showed good activity after 48 h, stable paralysis was observed up to 72 h. The extracts and isolated compounds may be useful as fungicides if the results can be confirmed under field conditions at levels not toxic to beneficial soil organisms.