Investigation of bioactive components responsible for the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of by LC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis and molecular docking.

is a wild desert plant of the family Amaranthaceae. This study represents the first report of the metabolomic profiling of by liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS/MS). The dereplication study of its secondary metabolites led to the characterization of 66 known compounds. These compounds include catecholamines, tyramine derivatives, phenolic acids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and others. A new tyramine derivative, alongside other known compounds, was reported for the first time in the Amaranthaceae family. The new derivative and the first-reported compounds were putatively identified through MS/MS fragmentation data. Given the notorious taxonomical challenges within the genus , to which previously belonged, our study could offer a valuable insight into its chemical fingerprint and phylogenetic relationship to different species. The antibacterial potential of methanolic extract (CVM) against was screened. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CVM ranged from 32 to 256 μg mL. The anti-quorum sensing potential of CVM resulted in a decrease in the percentage of strong and moderate biofilm-forming isolates from 47.83% to 17.39%. It revealed a concentration-dependent inhibitory activity on violacein formation by . Moreover, CVM exhibited an protective potential against the killing capacity of isolates. A molecular docking study revealed that the quorum-sensing inhibitory effect of CVM can be attributed to the binding of tyramine conjugates, ethyl--digallate, and isorhamnetin to the transcriptional global activator .