AI Article Synopsis
- A cohort study conducted in China from 2017 to 2021 examined the link between maternal weight gain in early pregnancy and the incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in newborns, involving 114,672 singleton pregnancies.
- The study found that higher weight gain during the first trimester was associated with an increased risk of CHD, particularly in those who gained more than 2.0 kg compared to those who gained less than 0 kg, across various analytical methods.
- Despite a weak overall association, excessive weight gain could serve as a potential predictor of CHD in certain groups, especially those experiencing morning sickness and with normal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI).
Article Abstract
Objectives: Little study has reported the association of maternal weight gain in early pregnancy with fetal congenital heart disease (CHD). We aimed to explore the potential relationship based on a China birth cohort while adjusting by multiple factors.
Design: Cohort study.
Setting: China birth cohort study conducted from 2017 to 2021.
Participants: The study finally included 114 672 singleton pregnancies in the 6-14 weeks of gestation, without missing data or outliers, loss to follow-up or abnormal conditions other than CHD. The proportion of CHD was 0.65% (749 cases).
Primary And Secondary Outcome Measures: Association between maternal pre-pregnancy weight gain and CHD in the offspring were analysed by multivariate logistic regression, with the unadjusted, minimally adjusted and maximally adjusted methods, respectively.
Results: The first-trimester weight gain showed similar discrimination of fetal CHD to that period of maternal body mass index (BMI) change (DeLong tests: p=0.091). Compared with weight gain in the lowest quartile (the weight gain less than 0.0 kg), the highest quartile (over 2.0 kg) was associated with a higher risk of fetal CHD in unadjusted (OR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.72), minimally adjusted (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.62) and maximally adjusted (aOR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.63) models. The association remains robust in pregnant women with morning sickness, normal pre-pregnancy BMI, moderate physical activity, college/university level, natural conception or with folic acid (FA) and/or multivitamin supplementation.
Conclusions And Relevance: Although the association of maternal pre-pregnancy weight gain on fetal CHD is weak, the excessive weight gain may be a potential predictor of CHD in the offspring, especially in those with morning sickness and other conditions that are routine in the cohort, such as normal pre-pregnancy BMI, moderate physical activity, college/university level, natural conception or with FA and/or multivitamin supplementation.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11015207 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079635 | DOI Listing |
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