Isolation and Screening of Antibacterial Activity of from the Medicinal Plant, Boiss.

Antibiotic resistance is rising dramatically worldwide, and thus the production of new antibiotics is indispensable. Recent scientific initiatives have focused on the bioprospecting of microorganisms' secondary metabolites, with a particular focus on the look for natural products with antimicrobial properties derived from endophytes. All plant species, regardless of their type, are thought to anchor endophytic bacteria (EB). There are many potential uses for the natural therapeutic compounds made by EB in medicine, agriculture, and the pharmaceutical industry. To investigate antibacterial properties in this study, (formerly, ) were isolated from Boiss., identified, and underwent bioprospecting by morphological and molecular methods. Samples were collected from Ilam, Iran, and then divided into roots, leaves, stems, and flowers. After disinfection, they were cut into 2 mm pieces, cultured on casein agar culture medium, and incubated at 28ºC for up to four weeks. was identified using the polymerase chain reaction method targeting the 16S rRNA gene. To evaluate the antibacterial properties of the isolated , the agar diffusion method was used. In parallel, the frequencies of biosynthetic gene clusters, including polyketide synthase ( and ) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase () genes, were determined in the isolated . Ninety bacteria were isolated from different parts of flowers. Thirty-eight (42.2%) of these bacteria belonged to the phylum , and out of these 38, 15 isolates (39.5%) had antibacterial properties. Of these, 11 isolates (73.3%) exhibited antibacterial effects against aureus, 2 (13.3%) against , 3 (20%) against , and two isolates (13.3%) against sub-species of serovar Typhimurium. The results of the molecular analysis of , , and genes showed that out of 38 isolated strains, 23 isolates (60.5%) carried gene, 6 (15.8%) harbored gene, and 20 isolates (52.6%) had gene. This study indicates that Boiss. has a number of active that produce secondary metabolites with antibacterial properties.