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Improving outcomes for very preterm babies in England: does place of birth matter? Findings from OPTI-PREM, a national cohort study.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed
December 2024
Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, UK.
Objective: Babies born between 27 and 31 weeks of gestation contribute substantially towards infant mortality and morbidity. In England, their care is delivered in maternity services colocated with highly specialised neonatal intensive care units (NICU) or less specialised local neonatal units (LNU). We investigated whether birth setting offered survival and/or morbidity advantages to inform National Health Service delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal and pregnancy factors contributing to the association between area deprivation and infant mortality in England: a retrospective cohort study.
Lancet Reg Health Eur
December 2024
School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, UK.
Background: Socioeconomic inequality in infant mortality in the UK is rising. This study aims to identify contributory maternal and pregnancy factors that can explain the known association between area deprivation and infant mortality.
Methods: A cohort study was conducted using Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) primary care data between 2004 and 2019 linked to the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), and infant mortality from the Office for National Statistics death data.
Leveraging artificial intelligence for predicting spontaneous closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect in children: a multicentre, retrospective study in China.
Lancet Digit Health
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Engineering Research Center of Techniques and Instruments for Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Background: Perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PMVSD) is a prevalent congenital heart disease, presenting challenges in predicting spontaneous closure, which is crucial for therapeutic decisions. Existing models mainly rely on structured echocardiographic parameters or restricted data. This study introduces an artificial intelligence (AI)-based model, which uses natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning with the aim of improving spontaneous closure predictability in PMVSD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom the 100 Day Mission to 100 lines of software development: how to improve early outbreak analytics.
Lancet Digit Health
December 2024
Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Dynamics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, considerable advances have been made to improve epidemic preparedness by accelerating diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccine development. However, we argue that it is crucial to make equivalent efforts in the field of outbreak analytics to help ensure reliable, evidence-based decision making. To explore the challenges and key priorities in the field of outbreak analytics, the Epiverse-TRACE initiative brought together a multidisciplinary group of experts, including field epidemiologists, data scientists, academics, and software engineers from public health institutions across multiple countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Diarrhoeal diseases claim more than 1 million lives annually and are a leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years. Comprehensive global estimates of the diarrhoeal disease burden for specific age groups of children younger than 5 years are scarce, and the burden in children older than 5 years and in adults is also understudied. We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to assess the burden of, and trends in, diarrhoeal diseases overall and attributable to 13 pathogens, as well as the contributions of associated risk factors, in children and adults in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.
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