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A Systematic Review of Treatment-Related Adverse Events for Combination Therapy of Multiple Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor. | LitMetric

A Systematic Review of Treatment-Related Adverse Events for Combination Therapy of Multiple Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor.

Cancer Control

Department of Clinical Medicine (Pharmaceutical Medicine), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Japan.

Published: August 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study explored the impact of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors (multi-TKIs) on adverse events in cancer treatment.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 83 clinical studies, involving nearly 8,000 patients, comparing adverse events from mono and combination therapies.
  • Results showed higher risks for diarrhea, hypothyroidism, and rash with the combination therapy, but also indicated a potential decrease in symptom-related performance issues.

Article Abstract

Background: Combination therapy with multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors (multi-TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been increasingly tested in clinical studies. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the addition of ICI to multi-TKIs on the profile of treatment-related adverse events.

Methods: An electronic database search was performed using PubMed and Web of Science to identify published clinical studies on multi-TKI monotherapy and multi-TKI plus ICI combination therapy from July 20, 2005 to July 1, 2023. The incidence rate of common adverse events caused by multi-TKI monotherapy and multi-TKI plus ICI combination therapy was obtained and compared from the viewpoints of (1) relative risk for the combination therapy vs sunitinib, (2) adverse event incidence rate by clinical trial, and (3) pooled incidence rate. The quality of the evidence was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis used random effects models.

Results: This systematic review identified 83 clinical studies involving 7951 patients. The combination therapy of multi-TKI and ICI was associated with an increased risk of diarrhea (relative risk [RR]: 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-1.33, < .001), hypothyroidism (RR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.11-1.87, = .0064) and rash (RR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.18-2.47, = .0045) compared with multi-TKI monotherapy. The addition of ICI was suggested to decrease the risk of adverse events related to performance status.

Conclusion: Our study identified an increased risk of treatment-related adverse events associated with multi-TKI plus ICI combination therapy. This would help optimize the management of toxicities caused by multi-TKI plus ICI combination therapy.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10998490PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10732748241244586DOI Listing

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