Air pollution is a key global environmental problem raising human health concern. It is essential to comprehensively assess the long-term characteristics of air pollution and the resultant health impacts. We first assessed the global trends of fine particulate matter (PM) during 1980-2020 using a monthly global PM reanalysis dataset, and evaluated their association with three types of climate variability including El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole and North Atlantic Oscillation. We then estimated PM-attributable premature deaths using integrated exposure-response functions. Results show a significant increasing trend of ambient PM during 1980-2020 due to increases in anthropogenic emissions. Ambient PM caused a total of ∼ 135 million premature deaths globally during the four decades. Occurrence of air pollution episodes was strongly associated with climate variability, which were associated with up to 14 % increase in annual global PM-attributable premature deaths.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.108587 | DOI Listing |
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