Background: Cirrhosis is a common liver disease, and ascites is one of the common clinical conditions. However, the clinical manifestations of ascites combined with hyponatremia as a high-risk condition and its relationship to patient prognosis have not been fully studied.
Aim: To explore the clinical manifestations, prognostic factors, and relationships of ascites with hyponatremia in patients with cirrhosis to provide better diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Methods: In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 150 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis and ascites between 2017 and 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: ascites combined with hyponatremia group and ascites group. We compared the general characteristics, degree of hyponatremia, complications, treatment, and prognosis between the two groups.
Results: In the study results, patients in the ascites combined with hyponatremia group showed an older average age (58.2 ± 8.9 years), 64.4% were male, and had a significantly longer hospitalization time (12.7 ± 5.3 d). Hyponatremia was more severe in this group, with a mean serum sodium concentration of 128.5 ± 4.3 mmol/L, which was significantly different from the ascites group of 137.6 ± 2.1 mmol/L. Patients with ascites and hyponatremia were more likely to develop hepatic encephalopathy (56.2% 39.0%), renal impairment (45.2% 28.6%) and infection (37.0% 23.4%). Regarding treatment, this group more frequently used diuretics (80.8% 62.3%) and salt supplements (60.3% 38.9%). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified older age [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, = 0.025] and male gender (OR = 1.72, = 0.020) as risk factors for hyponatremia combined with ascites. Overall, patients with ascites and hyponatremia present a clear high-risk status, accompanied by severe complications and poor prognosis.
Conclusion: In patients with cirrhosis, ascites with hyponatremia is a high-risk condition that is often associated with severe complications.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v16.i3.751 | DOI Listing |
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