Accurate imaging is key for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancers . Current imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and 18F-FDG (2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, have limitations in accurately staging these cancers. MRI shows promise for T staging and residual disease assessment. Novel PET tracers, like FAPI, FLT, and hypoxia markers, offer potential improvements in diagnostic accuracy. F-FDG PET/MRI combines metabolic and anatomic information, enhancing disease evaluation. Radiomics and artificial intelligence hold promise for early detection, treatment planning, and response assessment. Theranostic nanoparticles and personalized medicine approaches offer new avenues for cancer therapy.
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Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), also known as black esophagus or Gurvits syndrome, is an uncommon endoscopic finding characterized by diffuse, circumferential, black discoloration of the esophagus that terminates at the gastroesophageal junction. The incidence of AEN has been reported to be 0-0.2% in autopsy series and up to 0.
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Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, and Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
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