Phosphatidic acid (PA) as a universal second messenger is transiently and rapidly produced upon immune activation in plants. A recent study by Kong et al. elucidated a mechanism for maintaining PA homeostasis via two uncoupled phosphorylation events of DIACYLGLYCEROL KINASE 5 (DGK5) at different phosphorylation sites by two distinct kinases.
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DGK5-mediated phosphatidic acid homeostasis interplays with reactive oxygen species in plant immune signaling.
J Integr Plant Biol
July 2024
Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize/Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Jinan, 252100, China.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phosphatidic acid (PA) are important second messengers in plant immunity. PA binding to RBOHD, an NADPH oxidase responsible for ROS production, enhances RBOHD stability and promotes ROS production. Distinct phosphorylation of the lipid kinase DGK5 optimizes the PA burst in regulating ROS production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDGK5 phosphorylation finetunes PA homeostasis in plant immunity.
Trends Plant Sci
August 2024
Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261325, China. Electronic address:
Phosphatidic acid (PA) as a universal second messenger is transiently and rapidly produced upon immune activation in plants. A recent study by Kong et al. elucidated a mechanism for maintaining PA homeostasis via two uncoupled phosphorylation events of DIACYLGLYCEROL KINASE 5 (DGK5) at different phosphorylation sites by two distinct kinases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDGK5β-derived phosphatidic acid regulates ROS production in plant immunity by stabilizing NADPH oxidase.
Cell Host Microbe
March 2024
Zhejiang Xianghu Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address:
In plant immunity, phosphatidic acid (PA) regulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) by binding to respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RBOHD), an NADPH oxidase responsible for ROS production. Here, we analyze the influence of PA binding on RBOHD activity and the mechanism of RBOHD-bound PA generation. PA binding enhances RBOHD protein stability by inhibiting vacuolar degradation, thereby increasing chitin-induced ROS production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDual phosphorylation of DGK5-mediated PA burst regulates ROS in plant immunity.
Cell
February 2024
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. Electronic address:
Phosphatidic acid (PA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial cellular messengers mediating diverse signaling processes in metazoans and plants. How PA homeostasis is tightly regulated and intertwined with ROS signaling upon immune elicitation remains elusive. We report here that Arabidopsis diacylglycerol kinase 5 (DGK5) regulates plant pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLipid phosphorylation by a diacylglycerol kinase suppresses ABA biosynthesis to regulate plant stress responses.
Mol Plant
February 2024
Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA. Electronic address:
Lipid phosphorylation by diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) that produces phosphatidic acid (PA) plays important roles in various biological processes, including stress responses, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that DGK5 and its lipid product PA suppress ABA biosynthesis by interacting with ABA-DEFICIENT 2 (ABA2), a key ABA biosynthesis enzyme, to negatively modulate plant response to abiotic stress tested in Arabidopsis thaliana. Loss of DGK5 function rendered plants less damaged, whereas overexpression (OE) of DGK5 enhanced plant damage to water and salt stress.
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