Diffraction from volume reflection gratings written in bulk photorefractive lithium niobate is modeled for the case of longitudinally varying index modulation depths. Numerical solutions to the Helmholtz equation are found in the spatial frequency domain, leading to transfer functions for the volume reflection grating. These transfer functions are then used to show the spatial frequency filtering effect of the volume reflection grating on input light fields containing 2D spatial information. It is shown, first through simulations and then by experiment, that the 0th order transmitted beam undergoes a 2D edge enhancement.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.512442 | DOI Listing |
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Mayo Clinic Health System Northwest Wisconsin, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA.
Background: Interpreter service mode (in person, audio, or video) can impact patient experiences and engagement in the healthcare system, but clinics must balance quality with costs and volume to deliver services. Videoconferencing and telephone services provide lower cost options, effective where on site interpreters are scarce, or patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) and/or interpreters are unable to visit healthcare centers. The COVID 19 pandemic generated these conditions in Northwest Wisconsin (NWWI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Cardiovasc Imaging
January 2025
Cardiology Division, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 E 210st, Bronx, NY, USA.
Computed tomography (CT)-derived Epicardial Adipose Tissue (EAT) is linked to cardiovascular disease outcomes. However, its role in patients undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) and the interplay with aortic stenosis (AS) cardiac damage (CD) remains unexplored. We aim to investigate the relationship between EAT characteristics, AS CD, and all-cause mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurv Ophthalmol
January 2025
Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
The impact of various neurodegenerative diseases on the retina has been investigated in recent years using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Epilepsy, classified as a neurodegenerative disorder, has been indicated to affect the structural integrity of the retina. Moreover, there is ongoing debate regarding the relative contribution of disease pathogenesis and the consumption of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) to these retinal changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
January 2025
College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore. Electronic address:
Airborne particulate matter (PM) poses significant environmental and health challenges, particularly in urban areas. This study investigated the characteristics of water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC) in PM (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less) in Singapore, a tropical Asian city-state, over a six-month period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging
January 2025
School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Aim: To establish an imaging-based method to quantify left ventricular (LV) diastolic pressures.
Methods/results: In 115 patients suspected of coronary artery disease, LV pressure was measured by micromanometers and images by echocardiography. LV filling pressure was measured as LV pre-atrial contraction pressure (pre-A PLV).
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