Background: Glutamatergic function abnormalities have been implicated in the etiology of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), and the efficacy of clozapine may be attributed to its impact on the glutamate system. Recently, evidence has emerged suggesting the involvement of immune processes and increased prevalence of antineuronal antibodies in TRS. This current study aimed to investigate the levels of multiple anti-glutamate receptor antibodies in TRS and explore the effects of clozapine on these antibody levels.
Methods: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure and compare the levels of anti-glutamate receptor antibodies (NMDAR, AMPAR, mGlur3, mGluR5) in clozapine-treated TRS patients (TRS-C, n = 37), clozapine-naïve TRS patients (TRS-NC, n = 39), and non-TRS patients (nTRS, n = 35). Clinical symptom severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), while cognitive function was evaluated using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB).
Result: The levels of all four glutamate receptor antibodies in TRS-NC were significantly higher than those in nTRS (p < 0.001) and in TRS-C (p < 0.001), and the antibody levels in TRS-C were comparable to those in nTRS. However, no significant associations were observed between antibody levels and symptom severity or cognitive function across all three groups after FDR correction.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that TRS may related to increased anti-glutamate receptor antibody levels and provide further evidence that glutamatergic dysfunction and immune processes may contribute to the pathogenesis of TRS. The impact of clozapine on anti-glutamate receptor antibody levels may be a pharmacological mechanism underlying its therapeutic effects.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10985978 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05689-0 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Anti-GluK2 Encephalitis in an Asian Child: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Immunotargets Ther
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
Background: Anti-glutamate kainate receptor subunit 2 (anti-GluK2) antibodies mediated encephalitis is very rare in both children and adults. This study aimed to describe the second report of the anti-GluK2 encephalitis worldwide, the first youngest patient worldwide, and the first case ever in Asia. Besides, this study provides a summary of the clinical manifestations of all previous reported cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLate relapse of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis: a case report.
J Med Case Rep
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a sporadic autoimmune disorder of the brain that presents in a variety of neuropsychiatric manifestations, including seizures, psychosis, and alterations in behavior. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor is primarily seen in young females. Although this disease can be treated, it can relapse in rare cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesign, green synthesis, and anti-glutamate damage screening of chalcone derivatives with spiro-heterocyclic structures as potential anti-ischemic brain and eye damage agents.
Bioorg Chem
December 2024
The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - Researchers focused on reducing excessive glutamate toxicity to treat brain and retinal damage in ischemic stroke patients, developing new 3-benzoyl-4-phenyl-spiropyrrolidone compounds.
- - They screened these compounds for protective effects on PC12 cells and established a structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model with a strong correlation (R = 0.90723).
- - The best compound, E38, showed significant protective effects in cell cultures and in a mouse model, reducing brain damage and improving neurological function, indicating its potential as a treatment for ischemic stroke.
Autoimmune Encephalitis in a Patient with a Solitary Intracranial Plasmacytoma.
Intern Med
November 2024
Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan.
A 65-year-old woman presented with fever and abnormal behavior. Magnetic resonance imaging showed swelling of the left medial temporal lobe and an intracranial extra-axial occipital tumor. While her neurological symptoms improved after the administration of corticosteroid therapy under the suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis, the occipital tumor unexpectedly shrank, and the diagnosis of a solitary plasmacytoma was confirmed by biopsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiple serum anti-glutamate receptor antibody levels in clozapine-treated/naïve patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
BMC Psychiatry
April 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Background: Glutamatergic function abnormalities have been implicated in the etiology of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), and the efficacy of clozapine may be attributed to its impact on the glutamate system. Recently, evidence has emerged suggesting the involvement of immune processes and increased prevalence of antineuronal antibodies in TRS. This current study aimed to investigate the levels of multiple anti-glutamate receptor antibodies in TRS and explore the effects of clozapine on these antibody levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!