A scoping review of neuropsychological assessment for Asian Indians in the United States - research and clinical recommendations.

There is an increasing focus on understanding health disparities among various cultural groups in the United States. The need for heterogeneity in norms and test stimuli across ethnically diverse individuals are being increasingly recognized. However, to date it remains unknown whether and to what extent differences in cognitive norms and tests exist in Asian Indians, a fast-growing population in the U.S. It is essential to understand these differences to improve diagnostic accuracy and provide timely and appropriate clinical care. In this study, we conducted a scoping review of available cognitive tests that were normed, developed, or adapted for Asian Indians living in the U.S. The results suggested a paucity of norms and tests specifically examining cognition in this community. Based on the findings, we provide suggestions for research directions focusing on the development of culturally sensitive neuropsychological tools, normative data representative of this demographic, and interventions addressing healthcare access barriers. Overall, this review provides readers with relevant clinical information to immediately enhance patient care as well as provide actionable items in research to improve the future utility of neuropsychology for Asian Indians in the United States.