Background: We sought to evaluate postoperative antibiotic practices in a large population of patients with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and determine whether any regimens were associated with better outcomes.
Methods: The Pediatric Health Information Systems (PHIS) database was queried to identify patients who underwent an intestinal resection for acute NEC between July, 2016 and June, 2021. Data regarding post-resection antibiotic therapy, cutaneous or intraabdominal infection, and fungal or antibiotic-resistant infection were collected.
Results: 130 infants at 38 children's hospitals met inclusion criteria. Postoperative antibiotics were administered for a median of 13 days. The most frequently used antibiotics were vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam. Antibiotic duration greater than five days was not associated with a lower incidence of infection. No antibiotic was associated with a lower incidence of any of the complications assessed, although ampicillin was associated with more infections, overall. The incidence of fungal infection and treatment with a parenteral anti-fungal medication was greater with vancomycin. No antibiotic combination was used enough to be assessed.
Conclusions: Administration of antibiotics for more than five days after resection for NEC was not associated with better infectious outcomes and no single antibiotic demonstrated superior efficacy. Consistent with prior studies, fungal infections were more frequent with vancomycin.
Type Of Study: Retrospective database study, level 3B.
Level Of Evidence: II.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.03.019 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
CCL3 as a novel biomarker in the diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis.
BMC Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, NO 136 Zhongshaner Road, Yuzhong Distrit, Chongqing, 400014, China.
Objectives: Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common intestinal disease that threatens the lives of newborns and is characterized by ischemic necrosis of the small intestine and colon. As early diagnosis of NEC improves prognosis, the identification of new or complementary biomarkers is of great importance. In this study, we evaluate the diagnostic value of CCL3 in NEC and compare its effectiveness with other commonly used biomarkers, such as procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in Patent Ductus Arteriosus Management and Outcomes in Infants Born at 26 to 28 Weeks' Gestation.
J Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.
Objective: To investigate the association between the secular decrease in treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA ) and trends in neonatal mortality and morbidity in infants born at 26 0/7 to 28 6/7 weeks' gestation.
Study Design: A retrospective cohort study including infants born between 2012 and 2021 in continually participating hospitals in the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. The primary composite outcome was defined as surgical necrotizing enterocolitis, grade 2-3 bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), severe intraventricular hemorrhage, or death.
Improving outcomes for very preterm babies in England: does place of birth matter? Findings from OPTI-PREM, a national cohort study.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed
December 2024
Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, UK.
Objective: Babies born between 27 and 31 weeks of gestation contribute substantially towards infant mortality and morbidity. In England, their care is delivered in maternity services colocated with highly specialised neonatal intensive care units (NICU) or less specialised local neonatal units (LNU). We investigated whether birth setting offered survival and/or morbidity advantages to inform National Health Service delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransfusion-associated necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight babies: transfusion and feeding practices in two neonatal units in Bloemfontein, Free State.
South Afr J Crit Care
July 2024
Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Background: Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is life-threatening with a rising incidence due to improved neonatal care. While researchers' focus has shifted to causes, risk factors and preventative clinical strategies, little is known about the exact aetiology of NEC. Risk factors include the relationship between red blood cell transfusions (RBCTs) and the development of transfusion-associated NEC (TANEC) and peri-transfusion feeding, increasing the risk of TANEC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk factors and surgical outcomes in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease and ischemic colitis.
Pediatr Surg Int
December 2024
Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Introduction: This study investigates risk factors and surgical outcomes in pediatric patients with congenital heart defects (CHD) who develop ischemic colitis (IC). Previous research indicates a higher IC risk in very low birth weight neonates with CHD.
Methods: A retrospective analysis compared an IC-CHD group to a CHD-only group.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!