Effect of thermal and defatting treatments on the composition, protein profile and structure of house cricket (Acheta domesticus) protein extracts.

This study investigated the impact of blanching (100 °C, 40 s), defatting method (maceration, Soxhlet) and solvent polarity (hexane, ethanol) on the profile, structure and solubility of house cricket protein extracts. Blanching and Soxhlet using ethanol impacted the protein profile, with a lower content of myosin heavy chain and a higher abundance of low molecular weight proteins (<25 kDa). Moreover, ethanol induced aggregation of non-blanched cricket proteins, with a 13-72% reduction in protein recovery yield. The protein secondary structure of non-blanched extracts was also affected by ethanol with 18% more β-sheets. Furthermore, blanching resulted in a lower protein surface hydrophobicity by a factor of 3 to 7, with no impact of solvent polarity. Finally, the solubility of protein extracts remained >75%, regardless of the blanching and defatting methods. These findings, combined with the evaluation of techno-functional properties, could be used for the development of cricket-based protein ingredients for food formulations.