Metastasis to pituitary gland is a rare condition, and patients are usually asymptomatic. Diabetes insipidus (DI) is the most common presenting symptom, and breast cancer is the most common source of pituitary metastasis (PM). We report a case of PM of breast cancer presenting as DI. A 45-year-old female patient presented to our department with complaints of polyuria and polydipsia. She had a medical history of metastatic breast adenocarcinoma. Laboratory data showed normal fasting plasma glucose level and hypotonic urine. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed infiltration of the pituitary stalk and the absence of the posterior pituitary bright spot consistent with metastasis to the pituitary gland. The water deprivation and vasopressin challenge tests confirmed central DI. Pituitary function tests revealed disconnection hyperprolactinemia with a menopausal profile. The patient was treated with vasopressin with great clinical results. Pituitary metastases are rare but should be suspected in patients with metastatic cancer who present with DI.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_224_21 | DOI Listing |
J Appl Lab Med
January 2025
Service of Biochemistry, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Background: In prolactinoma diagnosis, current guidelines recommend prolactin (PRL) assessment, considering values exceeding 200 ng/mL highly suggestive of prolactinoma. However, subtler hyperprolactinemia is more common, and to rule out potential prolactinomas, pituitary resonance magnetic imaging (MRI) studies are necessary. These present limitations in terms of availability, costs, and delays in diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScience
January 2025
Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
The recent discovery of nonvisual photoreceptors in various organs has raised expectations for uncovering their roles and underlying mechanisms. In this work, we identified a previously unrecognized hormone-releasing mechanism in the pituitary of the Japanese rice fish (medaka) induced by light. Ca imaging analysis revealed that melanotrophs, a type of pituitary endocrine cell that secretes melanocyte-stimulating hormone, robustly increase the concentration of intracellular Ca during short-wavelength light exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocr Relat Cancer
January 2025
C Alvarez, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
The discovery of RET mutations in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 2A (MEN2A) in 1993 ignited a revolution in our understanding of this versatile receptor. Since then, RET's influence has expanded to encompass diverse organs, including the pituitary gland. This review explores the multifaceted role of RET in somatotrophs, focusing on two opposing pathways: proliferation versus differentiation and apoptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, University Clinical Centre of the Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Pituitary
December 2024
Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Introduction: Empty sella is characterized by a flattened profile of the pituitary gland that represents in most cases only a radiological incidental finding. When endocrine, ophthalmic, and neurological symptoms occur, this condition is described as empty sella syndrome.
Materials And Methods: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed database) with the data filter 2024-2009 using the keywords listed above.
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!