Barrier materials are crucial in preserving product quality, safety and longevity across numerous applications, thereby contributing to sustainability, reducing waste and advancing technology. Among these materials, cellulose nanomaterials (CNs) have emerged as promising alternatives for traditional petroleum-based polymers. However, the wide range of sources and the different methods used to isolate and process CN-based materials can result in significant variations in moisture and oxygen barrier performance. In this review, we provide an in-depth discussion on the latest advancements in CN-based green barrier materials. We begin by offering a critical assessment of the barrier performance of CNs, both in their isolated form and when combined as hybrid materials. This includes their applications as standalone films, fillers and coatings in nanocomposites. This review also covers the influence of the isolation process and the stages of film formation on barrier efficacy. We further discuss the implications of the recycling process on barrier properties of CN-based materials, drawing a connection between barrier characteristics and the product's end-of-life. We conclude by highlighting the significant developments over the past five years, the present challenges, and the prospective future of CN-based materials in barrier applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122012 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Technol
December 2024
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on peracetic acid (PAA) offer a promising strategy to address antibiotic wastewater pollution. In this study, Fe-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanomaterials were used to construct Fe-N sites, and the electronic structure was tuned by boron nitride quantum dots (BNQDs), thereby optimizing PAA activation for the degradation of antibiotics. The BNQDs-modified Fe-doped g-CN catalyst (BNQDs-FCN) achieved an excellent reaction rate constant of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
November 2024
School of Pharmacy and Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Carbon-nitride-based (CN-based) materials have shown great potential in combination therapy in recent years. Due to their outstanding biocompatibility, ease of modification, and adjustable band-gap position, CN-based materials can be applied as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and light-driven water-splitting catalysts in gas therapy. After doping with other elements, the photocatalytic performance of CN-based materials will be enhanced, and more interesting functions will be obtained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
November 2024
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.
Manipulating the electronic environment of the reactive center to lower the energy barrier of the rate-determining water oxidation step for boosting the direct generation of HO from water, air, and sunlight is fascinating yet remains a grand challenge. Driven by a first-principles screening across a series of metal single atoms in carbon nitride, we report a class of an Al-N bridge site enabling interlayer charge transfer in carbon nitride nanotubes (CNNT-Al) for the highly efficient photosynthesis of HO directly from water, oxygen, and sunlight. We demonstrate that the interlayered Al-N bridge site in CNNT-Al is able to activate the neighboring surface N atom for promoting the rate-determining step of the two-electron water oxidation to HO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
November 2024
Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China.
Soft actuators with biomimetic self-regulatory intelligence have garnered significant scientific interest due to their potential applications in robotics and advanced functional devices. We present a multistimuli-responsive actuator made from a carbon nitride/carbon nanotube (CN/CNTs) composite film. This film features a molecular switch based on reversible hydrogen bonds, whose asymmetric distribution endows the film with the ability to absorb water unevenly and convert molecular motion into macroscopic movement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
November 2024
Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University and INSTM, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Significant efforts have been continuously devoted to the mastering of green catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), whose sluggish kinetics prevents a broad market penetration of water splitting as a sustainable route for large-scale hydrogen production. In this extensive scenario, carbon nitride (CN)-based systems are in focus thanks to their favorable characteristics, and, whereas graphitic CN has been largely investigated, the potential of amorphous carbon nitride (a-CN) systems remains almost entirely unexplored. In this regard, our study presents a novel two-step plasma-assisted route to a-CN systems comprising ultra-dispersed, "quasi-atomic" CuO ( = 1, 2).
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