L-tryptophan is an essential amino acid that is widely used in food, medicine and feed sectors. L-tryptophan can be produced through fermentation, and the main producing strains are engineered and , which are constructed by rational design methods based on metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. However, due to the long metabolic pathway, complex and unclear regulatory mechanism for L-tryptophan production in microbial cells, the production efficiency and robustness of L-tryptophan producing strains are still low. In this connection, irrational design methods such as laboratory adaptive evolution, are often applied to improve the performance of L-tryptophan producing strains. This review summarizes the recent progress on biosynthesis metabolism of L-tryptophan and its regulation, the construction and optimization of L-tryptophan producing strains, and fermentative production of L-tryptophan, and prospects future development perspective. This review may facilitate research and development for fermentative production of L-tryptophan.
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