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Enhancing pharmacogenomic data accessibility and drug safety with large language models: a case study with Llama3.1.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood)
December 2024
Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, United States.
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) holds the promise of personalizing medical treatments based on individual genetic profiles, thereby enhancing drug efficacy and safety. However, the current landscape of PGx research is hindered by fragmented data sources, time-consuming manual data extraction processes, and the need for comprehensive and up-to-date information. This study aims to address these challenges by evaluating the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically Llama3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicology and epidemiology are the two traditional public health scientific disciplines which can contribute to investigate harmful health effects of exposure to toxic substances. Several frameworks for integrating different lines of evidence were proposed since 2011, evolving based of the emergence of new methodologies and approaches. Through the comparison of various theoretical frameworks for evidence integration, we examined similarities, differences, strengths, and weaknesses to provide insights into potential directions for future research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome-modified Caenorhabditis elegans expressing the human cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1 and CYP1A2) pathway: An experimental model for environmental carcinogenesis and pharmacological research.
Environ Int
December 2024
Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), like benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), arise from incomplete combustion and are found in sources like tobacco smoke and charbroiled food, posing cancer risks.
- Researchers genetically modified the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to include human CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and epoxide hydrolase to study the effects of BaP exposure, observing changes in behavior and reproductive performance, such as increased pharyngeal pumping and decreased brood size.
- The findings revealed that the humanized worms experienced more severe reproductive toxicity and genetic mutations when exposed to BaP, highlighting the potential of these modified organisms for improving research practices while working towards the
Unraveling the liver metabolomic profile of ADB-BUTINACA-induced hepatotoxicity.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
December 2024
National Narcotics Laboratory Zhejiang Regional Center, Hangzhou 310053, China. Electronic address:
ADB-BUTINACA, as a new psychoactive substance, can induce physical and psychological dependence. However, the systemic biological impact of ADB-BUTINACA on hepatic metabolomics remains uncertain. The metabolic spectrum in rat livers following exposure to three varying doses of ADB-BUTINACA (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Novel Machine Learning Model and a Web Portal for Predicting the Human Skin Sensitization Effects of Chemical Agents.
Toxics
November 2024
National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods (NICEATM), Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27711, USA.
Skin sensitization is a significant concern for chemical safety assessments. Traditional animal assays often fail to predict human responses accurately, and ethical constraints limit the collection of human data, necessitating a need for reliable in silico models of skin sensitization prediction. This study introduces HuSSPred, an in silico tool based on the Human Predictive Patch Test (HPPT).
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