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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2024.100718 | DOI Listing |
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HBV-Induced Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms, Correlation With Viral Suppression, and Implications for Treatment.
Liver Int
January 2025
NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.
Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a common but underdiagnosed and undertreated health condition and is the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. HBV (rated a Grade 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer) drives the transformation of hepatocytes in multiple ways by inducing viral DNA integrations, genetic dysregulation, chromosomal translocations, chronic inflammation, and oncogenic pathways facilitated by some HBV proteins. Importantly, these mechanisms are active throughout all phases of HBV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Silent Threat: A Retrospective Cohort Study on the Impact of Prediabetes on ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Survival-A Call to Action!
Biomedicines
September 2024
Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Prediabetes is frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated, yet it poses significant cardiovascular risks. This study investigates the impact of prediabetes on short- and long-term survival outcomes in patients who experienced ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, we evaluated 725 STEMI patients stratified into non-diabetic, prediabetic, and diabetic groups based on HbA1c levels at presentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe complexity of cardiovascular risk in women. Descriptive review.
Clin Investig Arterioscler
October 2024
Servicio de Endocrinología, Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela.
Article Synopsis
- - Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death for women worldwide, yet they are often overlooked in research, diagnosis, and treatment efforts, creating significant knowledge gaps.
- - The review highlights key barriers to improving CVD outcomes in women, including inadequate screening methods, low participation in clinical trials, and the unique complexities of female physiology, especially during pregnancy and later in life.
- - To combat these issues, the text emphasizes the need for targeted strategies that address healthcare disparities, enhance early detection, and deepen understanding of biological differences affecting heart disease in women.
Syndromic case definitions for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) are less sensitive in older age: an analysis of symptoms among hospitalised adults.
BMC Infect Dis
June 2024
Dept of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (LRTI) are particularly risky for older adults, who often show atypical symptoms that can lead to underdiagnosis compared to younger patients.
- A study conducted in Bristol, UK, found that older adults (≥65 years) were significantly less likely to meet standard symptom-based case definitions for LRTI, even when confirmed cases were present.
- The symptom profiles for older patients often lacked common indicators like fever and cough, suggesting that current screening protocols may not effectively identify LRTI in older and more vulnerable individuals.
The silent threat: A retrospective study of right-sided traumatic diaphragmatic hernias in a university hospital.
Turk J Surg
December 2023
Department of Trauma Surgery, University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil.
Objectives: In hospital attendance, 75% of diaphragmatic hernias occur on left as opposed to 25% on the right side. Right side hernias are associated with abdominal injuries, mainly the liver. However, right-side injuries are frequently underdiagnosed due to the complexity of associated injuries and high mortality rates.
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