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Dynamic molecular architecture of the synaptonemal complex.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA.
During meiosis, pairing between homologous chromosomes is stabilized by the assembly of the synaptonemal complex (SC). The SC ensures the formation of crossovers between homologous chromosomes and regulates their distribution. However, how the SC regulates crossover formation remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiversification and recurrent adaptation of the synaptonemal complex in Drosophila.
PLoS Genet
January 2025
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a protein-rich structure essential for meiotic recombination and faithful chromosome segregation. Acting like a zipper to paired homologous chromosomes during early prophase I, the complex is a symmetrical structure where central elements are connected on two sides by the transverse filaments to the chromatin-anchoring lateral elements. Despite being found in most major eukaryotic taxa implying a deeply conserved evolutionary origin, several components of the complex exhibit unusually high rates of sequence turnover.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeletion of Ovary-Specific Transcript Causes Dysfunction of Meiosis and Derepress of DNA Transposons in Zebrafish Ovaries.
Biology (Basel)
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
Alternative splicing of (DEAD-box helicase 4), a key germline marker gene, has been reported to generate sex-specific transcripts in zebrafish gonads. The biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of the ovary-specific transcript () during oogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we found that mutants, in which was specifically deleted, had enlarged ovaries but laid fewer eggs, along with having a lower fertilization rate compared to WT controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuppression of meiotic crossovers in pericentromeric heterochromatin requires synaptonemal complex and meiotic recombination factors in .
bioRxiv
December 2024
Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
The centromere effect (CE) is a meiotic phenomenon that ensures meiotic crossover suppression in pericentromeric regions. Despite being a critical safeguard against nondisjunction, the mechanisms behind the CE remain unknown. Previous studies have shown that various regions of the pericentromere, encompassing proximal euchromatin, beta and alpha heterochromatin, undergo varying levels of crossover suppression, raising the question of whether distinct mechanisms establish the CE in these different regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ATPase activity of yeast chromosome axis protein Hop1 affects the frequency of meiotic crossovers.
Nucleic Acids Res
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru 560012, India.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae meiosis-specific Hop1, a structural constituent of the synaptonemal complex, also facilitates the formation of programmed DNA double-strand breaks and the pairing of homologous chromosomes. Here, we reveal a serendipitous discovery that Hop1 possesses robust DNA-independent ATPase activity, although it lacks recognizable sequence motifs required for ATP binding and hydrolysis. By leveraging molecular docking combined with molecular dynamics simulations and biochemical assays, we identified an ensemble of five amino acid residues in Hop1 that could potentially participate in ATP-binding and hydrolysis.
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