AI Article Synopsis
- Inflammation, oxidative injury, and gut dysbiosis contribute to necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), and plant-derived substances are traditionally used for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects.
- A systematic review analyzed 16 studies involving randomized controlled trials focusing on the impact of plant-derived interventions in animal models of NEC, with outcomes such as mortality rates and intestinal injury severity.
- Results showed that these plant-based substances significantly reduced mortality and the incidence of NEC, while also improving inflammation and oxidative stress markers, suggesting potential for developing preventive food supplements for NEC in preterm infants.
Article Abstract
Inflammation, oxidative injury, and gut dysbiosis play an important role in the pathogenesis of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC). Plant-derived substances have historically been used as therapeutic agents due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. We aimed to review pre-clinical evidence for plant-derived substances in the prevention and treatment of NEC. A systematic review was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, EMCARE, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library (PROSPERO CRD42022365477). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs that evaluated a plant-derived substance as an intervention for NEC in an animal model of the illness and compared pre-stated outcomes (e.g., clinical severity, severity of intestinal injury, mortality, laboratory markers of inflammation and oxidative injury) were included. Sixteen studies ( = 610) were included in the systematic review. Ten of the sixteen included RCTs (Preterm rat pups: 15, Mice: 1) reported mortality and all reported NEC-related histology. Meta-analysis showed decreased mortality [12/134 vs. 27/135; RR: 0.48 (95% CI: 0.26 to 0.87); = 0.02, 10 RCTs] and decreased NEC in the experimental group [24/126 vs. 55/79; RR: 0.34 (95% CI: 0.22 to 0.52); < 0.001, 6 RCTs]. Markers of inflammation ( = 11) and oxidative stress ( = 13) improved in all the studies that have reported this outcome. There was no significant publication bias for the outcome of mortality. Plant-derived substances have the potential to reduce the incidence and severity of histologically diagnosed NEC and mortality in rodent models. These findings are helpful in guiding further pre-clinical studies towards developing a food supplement for the prevention of NEC in preterm infants.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10975714 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16060832 | DOI Listing |
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