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Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) drives abnormal pericyte-rich vasculature in triple-negative breast cancer.
Angiogenesis
December 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- - Tumour angiogenesis is crucial for supplying malignant cells with oxygen and nutrients, facilitating their invasion and spread, often resulting in the formation of disorganized and leaky blood vessels due to cytokine activity.
- - Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) is elevated in many cancers, acting not only as a necessary enzyme for energy production but also as a pro-inflammatory cytokine that correlates with cancer aggressiveness and prognosis, especially in breast cancer.
- - In triple-negative breast cancer, eNAMPT promotes angiogenesis and metastasis by attracting NG2 pericytes and activating pro-inflammatory signaling, with potential therapeutic effects demonstrated by neutralizing eNAMPT with an antibody, pointing towards new anti-
Identification of critical residues at the C-terminal tip of ACKR4 regulating chemokine internalization and βarrestin involvement.
Cell Commun Signal
December 2024
Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology Thurgau (BITG) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, CH-8280, Switzerland.
Background: Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) play an important role in regulating the availability of chemokines and are responsible for the formation of chemokine gradients required for the directed migration of immune cells in health and disease. ACKR4 shapes gradients of the chemokines CCL19 and CCL21, which are essential for guiding leukocyte homing to lymphoid organs where they initiate an adaptive immune response against invading pathogens. How ACKRs internalize and scavenge chemokines on the molecular level remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlatelet factor 4 immune disease: medical emergencies that look like heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Intern Med J
December 2024
Department of Haematology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a serious adverse reaction to heparin. Other HIT-like syndromes are increasingly recognised, mediated by antibodies binding to platelet factor 4, with or without identifiable polyanions. The history of heparin exposure is atypical for classical HIT and standard HIT laboratory tests may be negative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtypical chemokine receptor 2 expression is directly regulated by hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha in cancer cells under hypoxia.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Tumor Immunotherapy and Microenvironment (TIME) Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, L- 1210, Luxembourg.
Lack of significant and durable clinical benefit from anti-cancer immunotherapies is partly due to the failure of cytotoxic immune cells to infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. Immune infiltration is predominantly dependent on the chemokine network, which is regulated in part by chemokine and atypical chemokine receptors. We investigated the impact of hypoxia in the regulation of Atypical Chemokine Receptor 2 (ACKR2), which subsequently regulates major pro-inflammatory chemokines reported to drive cytotoxic immune cells into the tumor microenvironment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF-RAMP3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma tumor cell-mediated CCL2 degradation by supporting membrane distribution of ACKR2.
Int Immunopharmacol
December 2024
Department of Oncology Centre, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China. Electronic address:
This study aimed to explore the potential bind of Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 3 (RAMP3) with atypical chemokine receptor 2 (ACKR2), and their cooperative regulation on the degradation of the immunosuppressive chemokine CCL2 in the tumor microenvironment of HCC. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted using available bulk-tissue RNA-seq, single-cell RNA-seq, and protein-protein interaction datasets. Human HCC cell line Huh7 and HepG2 and mouse HCC cell line Hepa1-6 were utilized for experiments.
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