AI Article Synopsis
- Scabies is a widespread skin condition caused by a mite, affecting around 300 million people globally, with infants and children being the most affected.
- *The primary symptom is intense itching, leading to complications like bacterial infections, and diagnosis is typically done through clinical examination and skin scraping.
- *Topical permethrin is the preferred treatment, with ivermectin as an oral option for resistant cases, while social factors like poverty and recent events like the COVID-19 pandemic have further increased scabies incidence.
Article Abstract
Scabies is a human ectoparasitosis caused by Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis. World-wide around 300 million patients are affected. Infants and children have the highest incidence rates. Poverty and overcrowding are social factors contributing to a higher risk of transmission and treatment failure. The leading symptom of the infestation is itch. Complications are bacterial infections that are responsible for mortality. Diagnosis is clinical. Non-invasive imaging technologies like dermoscopy can be used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is less sensitive and specific than microscopy of skin scrapings. Treatment of choice is topical permethrin 5%. Ivermectin is the only oral drug FDA-approved for scabies. It should be used in cases non-responsive to topical therapy and in case of high number of infested patients in addition to topical therapy. Pseudo-resistance to treatment is not uncommon. New drugs are on the horizon. What is Known: • Pruritus is the leading symptom causing sleep disturbances and scratching with the risk of secondary bacterial infections. • Treatment failure is related to inappropriate application of topical drugs and asymptomatic family members. What is New: • COVID-19 pandemic and migration are contributing to an increased incidence of scabies. • New compounds to treat scabies are on the horizon.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-024-05535-1 | DOI Listing |
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