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Marine bacteriophages disturb the associated microbiota of with a recoverable effect on host morphology. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The metaorganism concept refers to the relationship between a multicellular host and its diverse microbial community, which together impact the health and survival of the host.
  • The study investigated the effects of bacteriophages on the moon jellyfish and discovered that phage exposure caused malformations without killing the polyps and altered their associated microbial community.
  • Results highlighted the resilience of the jellyfish's microbial community, indicating that understanding host-phage interactions is crucial for marine ecosystem health, especially in the context of environmental changes.

Article Abstract

The concept of the metaorganism describes a multicellular host and its diverse microbial community, which form one biological unit with a combined genetic repertoire that significantly influences health and survival of the host. The present study delved into the emerging field of bacteriophage research within metaorganisms, focusing on the moon jellyfish as a model organism. The previously isolated phage BSwM KMM1 and phages BSwM KMM2 - KMM4 demonstrated potent infectivity on bacteria present in the -associated microbiota. In a host-fitness experiment, Baltic Sea subpopulation polyps were exposed to individual phages and a phage cocktail, monitoring polyp survival and morphology, as well as microbiome changes. The following effects were obtained. First, phage exposure in general led to recoverable malformations in polyps without affecting their survival. Second, analyses of the community structure, using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, revealed alterations in the associated microbial community in response to phage exposure. Third, the native microbiota is dominated by an uncultured likely novel species, potentially specific to . Notably, this main colonizer showed resilience through the recovery after initial declines, which aligned with abundance changes in Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria, suggesting a dynamic and adaptable microbial community. Overall, this study demonstrates the resilience of the metaorganism facing phage-induced perturbations, emphasizing the importance of understanding host-phage interactions in metaorganism biology. These findings have implications for ecological adaptation and conservation in the rapidly changing marine environment, particularly regarding the regulation of blooming species and the health of marine ecosystems during ongoing environmental changes.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10964490PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1356337DOI Listing

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