Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease is a form of crystal-induced arthropathy that arises from the accumulation of calcium pyrophosphate crystals within joints and soft tissues. This process leads to inflammation and damage to the affected joints. It can present asymptomatically or as acute or chronic inflammatory arthritis. Risk factors and comorbidities, including prior joint injury, osteoarthritis, hereditary or familial predisposition, and metabolic diseases, should be evaluated in CPPD cases. The management of CPPD remains a challenge in the sparsity of randomized controlled trials. The lack of such trials makes it difficult to establish evidence-based treatment protocols for CPPD. This review provides an overview of the current pharmacological management of CPPD, focusing on reducing inflammation, alleviating symptoms, and preventing acute flares. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and colchicine are effective in managing acute CPP arthritis. Colchicine may also be used prophylactically to prevent recurrent flares. In cases where other treatments have failed, anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, can be administered to alleviate acute flares. The management of chronic CPP inflammatory arthritis includes NSAIDs and/or colchicine, followed by hydroxychloroquine, low-dose glucocorticoids, and methotrexate, with limited data on efficacy. Tocilizumab can be used in refractory cases. In small studies, synovial destruction using intra-articular injection of yttrium 90 can decrease pain. To date, no disease-modifying therapies exist that reduce articular calcification in CPPD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2024.1327715 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Grecia" University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Vascular calcification (VC) is a biological phenomenon characterized by an accumulation of calcium and phosphate deposits within the walls of blood vessels causing the loss of elasticity of the arterial walls. VC plays a crucial role in the incidence and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to a significant increase in cardiovascular mortality in these patients. Different conditions such as age, sex, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension are the main risk factors in patients affected by chronic kidney disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRheumatology (Oxford)
December 2024
Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Objective: To develop and validate a patient-reported definition of acute calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal arthritis in people with crystal-proven CPP deposition (CPPD) disease.
Methods: Consecutive patients with crystal-proven CPPD disease from seven centres across four countries were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. In each centre, patient-reported outcomes on the features of acute CPP crystal arthritis were collected.
Int J Rheum Dis
December 2024
Radiology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Minho, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.
Rheumatology (Oxford)
December 2024
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Boston, USA.
Objective: Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) events. We examined the atherosclerotic burden by coronary artery calcium scores (Agatston score) and compared 10-year atherosclerotic CV (ASCVD) risk scores in patients with vs without chondrocalcinosis, a radiographic marker of CPPD.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis at an academic medical center, 1991-2022.
Arch Oral Biol
December 2024
R&D Headquarters, LION Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 1320035, Japan.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of a combination of sodium fluoride, soluble calcium, and pyrophosphate (FCaP) versus fluoride alone in inhibiting enamel caries progression.
Design: Different FCaP solutions were prepared, and two were selected for testing (FCaP-1: F = 76 mmol/L, Ca = 7.6 mmol/L, P = 7.
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