AI Article Synopsis
- The study highlights that children and adolescents are significantly affected by acute viral hepatitis (AVH), with 156.39 million new cases reported globally in 2019, leading to 1.98 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
- Most cases occur in sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and certain other regions, with hepatitis A being the most common type reported.
- There is a declining trend in AVH incidence, suggesting that improved vaccines and treatments could help control the disease, but there is a need for better healthcare access for younger populations.
Article Abstract
Background: Children and adolescents are at high risk for acute viral hepatitis (AVH), but epidemiological research focusing on them has been overshadowed by adult chronic B and C. We provide global, regional, and national estimates of the AVH burden and their trends on people under 20 years from 1990 to 2019.
Methods: AVH data from Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 was used. Incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated, analyzing trends with estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and Joinpoint regression.
Results: In 2019, 156.39 (95% uncertainty interval 145.20-167.16) million new cases of AVH were reported among children and adolescents globally, resulting in 1.98 (1.50-2.55) million DALYs. Incidence rates for young children (< 5 years), older children (5-9 years), and adolescents (10-19 years) were 12,799 (11,068-14,513), 5,108 (4829-5411), and 3020 (2724-3339) per 100,000 population, respectively. The global AVH incidence displayed a linear decline with an EAPC of - 0.66 (- 0.68 to - 0.65). High-incidence regions included sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, South Asia, and Central Asia, with India, Pakistan, and Nigeria facing the greatest burden. Leading causes were hepatitis A, followed by hepatitis E, B, and C. All hepatitis types showed declining trends, especially hepatitis B. Furthermore, we confirmed the association between the AVH incidence and the socioeconomics, vaccine, and advanced liver diseases.
Conclusion: Effective vaccines and treatments for hepatitis B and C offer eradication opportunities. Broadening diagnostic and therapeutic coverage is vital to address disparities in service provision for children and adolescents.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12072-024-10640-2 | DOI Listing |
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