Investigation of formaldehyde sources and its relative emission intensity in shipping channel environment.

J Environ Sci (China)

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), No. 20 Cuiniao Road, Shanghai 202162, China; Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address:

Published: August 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a prevalent gas in the atmosphere, primarily emitted by transportation, and its levels were studied in Shanghai's Wusong Wharf throughout 2019.
  • The study found that HCHO concentrations in the river channel were about 2.5 times higher than in nearby campus areas, largely due to ship activities.
  • It identified the sources of HCHO in the air, attributing 24.14% to primary, 44.78% to secondary, and 31.09% to background sources, and revealed that faster cargo ships emit higher levels of HCHO relative to NO emissions, helping establish emission factors.

Article Abstract

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is considered one of the most abundant gas-phase carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere, which can be directly emitted through transportation sources. Long-Path Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (LP-DOAS) was used to observe HCHO in the river channel of Wusong Wharf in Shanghai, China for the whole year of 2019. Due to the impact of ship activity, the annual average HCHO level in the channel is about 2.5 times higher than that in the nearby campus environment. To explain the sources of HCHO under different meteorological conditions, the tracer-pair of CO and O (NO+O) was used on the clustered air masses. The results of the source appointment show that primary, secondary and background account for 24.14% (3.34 ± 1.19 ppbv), 44.78% (6.20 ± 2.04 ppbv) and 31.09% (4.31 ± 2.33 ppbv) of the HCHO in the channel when the air masses were from the mixed direction of the city and channel, respectively. By performing background station subtraction at times of high primary HCHO values and resolving the plume peaks, directly emitted HCHO/NO in the channel environment and plume were determined to be mainly distributed between 0.2 and 0.3. General cargo ships with higher sailing speeds or main engine powers tend to have higher HCHO/NO levels. With the knowledge of NO (or NO) emission levels from ships, this study may provide data support for the establishment of HCHO emission factors.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.020DOI Listing

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