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SARS-CoV-2 Infections in a Triad of Primary School Learners (Grades 1-7), Their Parents, and Teachers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Protocol for a Cross-Sectional and Nested Case-Cohort Study.
JMIR Res Protoc
December 2024
HIV and Other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
Background: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as South Africa, there is paucity of data on SARS-CoV-2 infections among children attending school, including seroprevalence and transmission dynamics.
Objective: This pilot study aims to assess (1) the prevalence of self-reported or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 prior infections, COVID-19 symptoms (including long COVID), seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and general/mental health, (2) longitudinal changes in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence, and (3) SARS-CoV-2 acute infections, immune responses, transmission dynamics, and symptomatic versus asymptomatic contacts in a unique cohort of unvaccinated primary school learners, their parents, teachers, and close contacts in semirural primary school settings.
Methods: Learners (grades 1-7) from primary schools in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, their parents, and teachers will be invited to enroll into the COVID kids school study (CoKiDSS).
Clinical Course of Healthcare Workers Diagnosed as COVID-19 Suspects and Contacts during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study.
Acta Med Philipp
July 2024
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila.
Background: COVID-19 infection can present in various clinical forms. Anosmia has been significantly associated with a positive RT-PCR, but it usually appears after four days and has also been observed among COVID-19 negative patients. Knowledge on the clinical course of COVID-19 can guide decision-making on screening, diagnostic testing, and quarantine/isolation procedures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly versus delayed oral feeding after major gynaecologic surgery.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
August 2024
Cause Health, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
Background: This is an updated and expanded version of the original Cochrane review, first published in 2014. Postoperative oral intake is traditionally withheld after major abdominal gynaecologic surgery until the return of bowel function. The concern is that early oral intake will result in vomiting and severe paralytic ileus, with subsequent aspiration pneumonia, wound dehiscence, and anastomotic leakage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating the Usefulness of Population-Wide COVID-19 Testing in the Omicron Era: Insights from a German Model.
Gesundheitswesen
December 2024
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management gGmbH Economics Department, Frankfurt, Germany.
Background: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, which has become dominant worldwide since late 2021, presents a unique challenge due to its high rate of asymptomatic transmission. This study evaluates the efficacy and value of population-wide testing, including self-testing, in the context of COVID-19, particularly under the Omicron variant, using data from Germany.
Methods: A decision-analytical model and secondary data was used for assessing the impact of systematic screening and testing for COVID-19.
Mating-induced Ecdysone in the testis disrupts soma-germline contacts and stem cell cytokinesis.
Development
June 2024
Department of Biology, Drexel University, Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Germline maintenance relies on adult stem cells to continually replenish lost gametes over a lifetime and respond to external cues altering the demands on the tissue. Mating worsens germline homeostasis over time, yet a negative impact on stem cell behavior has not been explored. Using extended live imaging of the Drosophila testis stem cell niche, we find that short periods of mating in young males disrupts cytokinesis in germline stem cells (GSCs).
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