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CO Electrolyzers. | LitMetric

CO Electrolyzers.

Chem Rev

Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.

Published: April 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The advancements in CO electrolyzers have improved energy efficiency and catalyst selectivity for producing valuable chemicals and fuels like syngas and ethanol, but realizing commercial viability requires a holistic approach.
  • - Each component of the electrolyzer system affects overall performance, necessitating careful integration with upstream CO sources and downstream separation processes to minimize energy intensity and improve usability.
  • - A detailed analysis covers CO sources, system architectures, energy savings, and alternative methods while evaluating pathways that reduce separation needs and highlight promising strategies for electrochemical CO reduction.

Article Abstract

CO electrolyzers have progressed rapidly in energy efficiency and catalyst selectivity toward valuable chemical feedstocks and fuels, such as syngas, ethylene, ethanol, and methane. However, each component within these complex systems influences the overall performance, and the further advances needed to realize commercialization will require an approach that considers the whole process, with the electrochemical cell at the center. Beyond the cell boundaries, the electrolyzer must integrate with upstream CO feeds and downstream separation processes in a way that minimizes overall product energy intensity and presents viable use cases. Here we begin by describing upstream CO sources, their energy intensities, and impurities. We then focus on the cell, the most common CO electrolyzer system architectures, and each component within these systems. We evaluate the energy savings and the feasibility of alternative approaches including integration with CO capture, direct conversion of flue gas and two-step conversion via carbon monoxide. We evaluate pathways that minimize downstream separations and produce concentrated streams compatible with existing sectors. Applying this comprehensive upstream-to-downstream approach, we highlight the most promising routes, and outlook, for electrochemical CO reduction.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00206DOI Listing

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