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Algorithmic individual fairness and healthcare: a scoping review.
JAMIA Open
February 2025
Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
Objectives: Statistical and artificial intelligence algorithms are increasingly being developed for use in healthcare. These algorithms may reflect biases that magnify disparities in clinical care, and there is a growing need for understanding how algorithmic biases can be mitigated in pursuit of algorithmic fairness. We conducted a scoping review on algorithmic individual fairness (IF) to understand the current state of research in the metrics and methods developed to achieve IF and their applications in healthcare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDelayed diagnosis of anorectal malformations: a call for standardization of the current definitions.
World J Pediatr Surg
December 2024
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Physical activity and risk of cholelithiasis: a narrative review.
Front Med (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of General Surgery A, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Cholelithiasis, commonly known as gallstone disease, poses a significant public health concern globally, with a myriad of risk factors contributing to its development. Among these, lifestyle factors, particularly physical activity, have garnered considerable attention for their potential role in modulating the risk of gallstone formation. This review aims to synthesize the current landscape of physical activity and the risk of developing cholelithiasis and identify knowledge gaps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of gut microbiota modulation in Sarcopenia (Review).
Oncol Lett
March 2025
Department of Geriatrics, Harbin 242 Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150060, P.R. China.
Sarcopenia is an age-related disease that is characterized by a decline in muscle mass and function with significant epidemiological and clinical implications. In recent years, gut microbiota has gained attention as an important regulatory factor in human health. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to introduce the definition and epidemiological background of sarcopenia and analyze the potential impact of the gut microbiota on muscle metabolism and growth, including aspects such as gut microbiota metabolites, muscle protein synthesis and energy metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFatigue, pain and faecal incontinence in adult inflammatory bowel disease patients and the unmet need: a national cross-sectional survey.
BMC Gastroenterol
December 2024
Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, 57 Waterloo Road, London, London, SE1 8WA, UK.
Background And Aims: The co-existence of fatigue, pain and faecal incontinence in people with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is unknown. We aimed to determine the presence of and relationship between these symptoms and patients' desire for intervention.
Methods: Adults with IBD in the UK, recruited from clinics, the national IBD-BioResource, a patient charity and social media sources, completed PROMIS validated patient-reported questionnaires to identify fatigue, pain and faecal incontinence, in addition to symptom severity and impact, disease activity, anxiety and depression questionnaires and questions about their desire for help with these symptoms.
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