Within the synthetic-geometric framework of Lorentzian (pre-)length spaces developed in Kunzinger and Sämann (Ann. Glob. Anal. Geom. (2018), no. 3, 399-447) we introduce a notion of a hyperbolic angle, an angle between timelike curves and related concepts such as timelike tangent cone and exponential map. This provides valuable technical tools for the further development of the theory and paves the way for the main result of the article, which is the characterization of timelike curvature bounds (defined via triangle comparison) with an angle monotonicity condition. Further, we improve on a geodesic non-branching result for spaces with timelike curvature bounded below.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/jlms.12726 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
May 2024
Department of Mathematics, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
In this paper, we examine q-Bernstein-Bézier surfaces in Minkowski space-[Formula: see text] with q as the shape parameter. These surfaces, a generalization of Bézier surfaces, have applications in mathematics, computer-aided geometric design, and computer graphics for the surface formation and modeling. We analyze the timelike and spacelike cases of q-Bernstein-Bézier surfaces using known boundary control points.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
March 2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astroparticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France.
Currently, there is no widely accepted consensus regarding a consistent thermodynamic framework within the special relativity paradigm. However, by postulating that the inverse temperature 4-vector, denoted as β, is future-directed and time-like, intriguing insights emerge. Specifically, it is demonstrated that the -dependent Tsallis distribution can be conceptualized as a de Sitterian deformation of the relativistic Maxwell-Jüttner distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWithin the synthetic-geometric framework of Lorentzian (pre-)length spaces developed in Kunzinger and Sämann (Ann. Glob. Anal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
March 2024
Mathematical Institute, Oxford University, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.
When he first introduced the notion of a conformal boundary into the study of asymptotically empty space-times, Penrose noted that the boundary would be null, space-like or time-like according as the cosmological constant [Formula: see text] was zero, positive or negative. While most applications of the idea of a conformal boundary have been to the zero-[Formula: see text], asymptotically Minkowskian case, there also has been work on the non-zero cases. Here, we review work with a positive [Formula: see text], which is the appropriate case for cosmology of the universe in which we live.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2024
Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
In this paper, we investigate the properties of timelike and spacelike shifted-knots Bézier surfaces in Minkowski space-[Formula: see text]. These surfaces are commonly used in mathematical models for surface formation in computer science for computer-aided geometric design and computer graphics, as well as in other fields of mathematics. Our objective is to analyze the characteristics of timelike and spacelike shifted-knots Bézier surfaces in Minkowski space-[Formula: see text].
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