To solve the problem of freezing damage in cold-region tunnels, this study proposed a rubber airbag interlayered composite lining system, and tested its performance of buffering, pressure adjustment, waterproofing, and heat preservation by simulating a low-temperature environment in an artificial freezing chamber. The experiment results show that the frost-heaving force exerted on the lining can always be lower than 1.69 kPa by constantly adjusting the airbag pressure, and the maximum frost-heaving force can reach 28.25 kPa without the airbag. In addition, the airbag also has good waterproof performance. Finally, the airbag can significantly improve the temperature field of the surrounding rock and reduce the freezing depth (6.75 cm < 17.25 cm). The insulation effect of the airbag is positively correlated with its thickness and negatively correlated with the thermal conductivity of the filling gas. The insulation effect of CO is better than that of air. The rubber airbag interlayered composite lining system provides a new scheme for freezing damage control in cold-region tunnels.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957918 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57531-y | DOI Listing |
Eye (Lond)
October 2024
Ophthalmologist in private practice, Kalkbreitestr. 8, 8003, Zürich, Switzerland.
Sci Rep
March 2024
Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
To solve the problem of freezing damage in cold-region tunnels, this study proposed a rubber airbag interlayered composite lining system, and tested its performance of buffering, pressure adjustment, waterproofing, and heat preservation by simulating a low-temperature environment in an artificial freezing chamber. The experiment results show that the frost-heaving force exerted on the lining can always be lower than 1.69 kPa by constantly adjusting the airbag pressure, and the maximum frost-heaving force can reach 28.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
June 2023
School of Mechanical Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
Using the diaphragm-type air spring as the research object. The ratio of the vertical stiffness change caused by compressed air to the total vertical stiffness change was calculated, and it was determined that the nonlinearity of air spring vertical stiffness was mainly caused by the deformation stiffness of the rubber airbag. The variation law of vertical dynamic stiffness of air spring was predicted by theory: due to the material's viscoelasticity, the vertical dynamic stiffness rises as the excitation frequency rises, and the vertical dynamic stiffness decreases with the increase of excitation amplitude due to the damping of the material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
May 2023
Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track, Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410082, China.
Thermo-oxidative aging plays an important role in changing the properties of rubber materials; it significantly decreases the fatigue life of air spring bags and further causes safety hazards. However, due to the great uncertainty of rubber material properties, an effective interval prediction model has not been established considering the effect of aging on airbag rubber properties. To solve the problem, this study proposes an interval parameter correlation model that can more accurately describe rubber crack propagation characteristics by considering material uncertainty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
May 2022
Commerical Vehicle Technology Center, SAIC Motor Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200041, China.
Elastic materials include metal plates, rubber, foam, airbags and so on, which have a good buffer effect, toughness and strong recovery ability. In this paper, the deformation and thermal diffusion of 2D and 3D thin plates are studied. Two models are established for the deformation of 2D thin plates.
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