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Tertiary Lymphoid Structures as a Biomarker in Immunotherapy and Beyond: Advancing Towards Clinical Application.
Cancer Lett
January 2025
. Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. Electronic address:
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic immune cell clusters formed in nonlymphoid tissues affected by persistent inflammation, such as in cancer and prolonged infections. They have features of the structure and function of secondary lymphoid organs, featuring central CD20+ B cells, surrounded by CD3+ T cells, CD21+ follicular dendritic cells, and CD68+ macrophages, with a complex vascular system. TLS formation is governed by lymphotoxin-α1β2, TNF, and chemokines like CCL19, CCL21, and CXCL13, differing from secondary lymphoid organ development in developing later in life at sites of chronic inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThoracic Hybrid Lesion: A Rare Case of Two Congenital Malformations.
Cureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Hospital Distrital Figueira da Foz, Figueira da Foz, PRT.
Cystic cuboid adenomatous malformations (CCAM) are congenital pulmonary lesions, usually benign, that can progress into malignancy. Bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS) is another type of malformation that consistsof an ectopic pulmonary tissue mass that doesn't participate in blood-gas exchanges, with vascularization provided by anomalous branches of the thoracic aorta. Hybrid lesions are lesions that have histological features of CCAM but with systemic vascularization, a pathognomonic sign of BPS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA review of literature of a functional, congenital intrathoracic kidney.
J Cardiothorac Surg
January 2025
Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences - Northwest, Fayetteville, USA.
Introduction: The rarest form of renal ectopia, the thoracic kidney, has been documented in only about 200 cases worldwide. There are four recognized causes of congenital thoracic renal ectopia: renal ectopia with an intact diaphragm, diaphragmatic eventration, diaphragmatic hernia, and traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. This condition often presents as an incidental finding in asymptomatic patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe complex anatomy of the bronchial arteries: a meta-analysis with potential implications for thoracic surgery and hemoptysis treatment.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Łódź, Poland.
The present meta-analysis aimed to provide the most detailed and comprehensive anatomical description of bronchial arteries (BAs) using data available in the literature. Adequate knowledge of the normal anatomy and morphological variations of BAs can be clinically significant; for example, this approach can prevent potential risks while undertaking bronchial artery embolization (BAE) procedures and, ultimately, lead to better patient outcomes. Major medical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuccessful retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy for thoracic kidney in a patient with ipsilateral ureteral cancer.
J Surg Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo060-8543, Hokkaido, Japan.
A thoracic kidney is a scarce type of ectopic kidney. We report the case of a 76-year-old man who developed cancer of the ureter, ipsilateral to the thoracic kidney. He presented with abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant.
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