The major insect pest of soft and stone fruits, the spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, has evolved a greater preference for laying eggs on ripe fruits over fermented ones. In a recent study, Cavey et al. found that higher responsiveness to low sugar concentrations has had an important role in this evolutionary shift in egg-laying behavior.
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Early childhood caries risk prediction using machine learning approaches in Bangladesh.
BMC Oral Health
January 2025
Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Background: In the last years, artificial intelligence (AI) has contributed to improving healthcare including dentistry. The objective of this study was to develop a machine learning (ML) model for early childhood caries (ECC) prediction by identifying crucial health behaviours within mother-child pairs.
Methods: For the analysis, we utilized a representative sample of 724 mothers with children under six years in Bangladesh.
Association of socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidities, lifestyle habits, and saliva parameters with dental caries in adults with obesity.
Acta Odontol Scand
January 2025
CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, Oral Health Department, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
Objective: To describe the oral health status of patients with obesity and to explore the socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidities, lifestyle habits (tobacco, alcohol, sweet/acidic diet), and saliva parameters most associated with the dental caries experience. Material and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 204 patients' data with obesity attending a therapeutic education programme. Caries experience (number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth [DMFT]), periodontal status, oral hygiene, occlusal tooth wear, masticatory inefficiency, and saliva parameters were recorded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistal and Proximal Influences on Self-Reported Oral Pain and Self-Rated Oral Health Status in Saudi Arabia: Retrospective Study Using a 2017 Nationwide Database.
JMIR Public Health Surveill
December 2024
School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Oral health has a crucial impact on overall well-being, with a growing burden of oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease in Saudi Arabia due to lifestyle changes.
- The study aims to investigate both direct (proximal) and indirect (distal) factors that influence oral pain (OP) and self-rated oral health (SROH) among different age groups in Saudi Arabia, using data from a national health survey conducted in 2017.
- Findings reveal a notable discrepancy where a high percentage of respondents rated their oral health positively despite reporting oral pain, with tooth brushing frequency strongly linked to lower OP and better SROH, while sugar consumption negatively affected oral health across ages.
Article Synopsis
- Background: The study focused on the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in preventing bleeding and reducing the need for platelet transfusions in patients with blood cancers receiving intensive treatment.
- Methods: An international trial (TREATT) involved 616 adults under chemotherapy or stem-cell transplant, who were randomly assigned to receive either tranexamic acid or a placebo while monitored for bleeding and platelet recovery.
- Findings: Out of 1736 screened patients, 597 were included in the final analysis, revealing demographic details and outcomes related to bleeding events and mortality rates among the two groups.
E-cigarette exposure increases caries risk and modifies dental surface in an in vitro model.
Arch Oral Biol
November 2024
Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Objective: Electronic cigarettes have become increasingly popular and can deliver nicotine at levels comparable to traditional tobacco cigarettes. However, the potential adverse effects of these alternative smoking devices on dental health remain uncertain. This study investigates changes in the cariogenic potential of tooth surfaces and analyzes alterations in the chemical composition of aerosols generated from sweet-flavored e-liquids used in electronic cigarettes.
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