Background: Evidence on the association between fast-food outlet exposure and Body Mass Index (BMI) remains inconsistent and is primarily based on cross-sectional studies. We investigated the associations between changes in fast-food outlet exposure and BMI changes, and to what extent these associations are moderated by age and fast-food outlet exposure at baseline.
Methods: We used 4-year longitudinal data of the Lifelines adult cohort (N = 92,211). Participant residential addresses at baseline and follow-up were linked to a register containing fast-food outlet locations using geocoding. Change in fast-food outlet exposure was defined as the number of fast-food outlets within 1 km of the residential address at follow-up minus the number of fast-food outlets within 1 km of the residential address at baseline. BMI was calculated based on objectively measured weight and height. Fixed effects analyses were performed adjusting for changes in covariates and potential confounders. Exposure-moderator interactions were tested and stratified analyses were performed if p < 0.10.
Results: Participants who had an increase in the number of fast-food outlets within 1 km had a greater BMI increase (B(95% CI): 0.003 (0.001,0.006)). Decreases in fast-food outlet exposure were not associated with BMI change (B(95% CI): 0.001 (-0.001,0.004)). No clear moderation pattern by age or fast-food outlet exposure at baseline was found.
Conclusions: Increases in residential fast-food outlet exposure are associated with BMI gain, whereas decreases in fast-food outlet exposure are not associated with BMI loss. Effect sizes of increases in fast-food outlet exposure on BMI change were small at individual level. However, a longer follow-up period may have been needed to fully capture the impact of increases in fast-food outlet exposure on BMI change. Furthermore, these effect sizes could still be important at population level considering the rapid rise of fast-food outlets across society. Future studies should investigate the mechanisms and changes in consumer behaviours underlying associations between changes in fast-food outlet exposure and BMI change.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10941418 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-024-01577-8 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
High Prevalence of spp. in Ready-to-Eat Artisanal Pork Sausages Sold at Food Outlets in Quindío, Colombia.
Pathogens
January 2025
Research Group of Microbiology, Industry and Environment (GIMIA), Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia.
Non-typhoidal salmonellosis is a foodborne disease caused by spp. Most outbreaks of this disease are commonly associated with consuming contaminated meat products, hence the importance of monitoring ready-to-eat artisanal pork sausages for the presence of these bacteria. A total of 494 samples of grilled and smoked barbecue artisanal pork sausages were collected at food outlets from 12 municipalities of the Department of Quindío, Colombia, between 2017 and 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTotal Fat and Fatty Acid Content in Meals Served by Independent Takeaway Outlets Participating in the Healthier Catering Commitment Initiative in London, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
January 2025
School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham ME4 4TG, UK.
Out-of-home meals are characterized by poor nutritional quality, and their intake has been linked to adverse health outcomes. Therefore, national and local government initiatives have been implemented in the UK to promote healthier out-of-home meals. However, there is limited evidence of their effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe built and natural environment can facilitate (un)healthy behaviors in adolescence. However, most previous studies have focused on examining associations between singular aspects of the environment. This study examined the association between the mixture of health-promoting and health-constraining environmental features in a Healthy Location Index (HLI) and physical activity and screen time among adolescents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasuring associations between the food environment and dietary habits: comparing the proportion and density of food outlets.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Background: The food environment plays a crucial role in shaping our dietary choices and overall health. Spatial measures provide distinct perspectives on the physical food environment and its impact on diet. While proportion measures are theoretically considered to provide a more accurate representation of the overall physical food environment than density measures, it is important to recognize that the association between food environments and diet can vary depending on the context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe mediating role of the food environment, greenspace, and walkability in the association between socioeconomic position and type 2 diabetes - The Maastricht Study.
Diabetes Metab Syndr
December 2024
Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how socioeconomic position (SEP), food environments, walkability, and greenspace impact type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, focusing on their interconnection.
- Lower SEP correlates with a higher risk of T2D, with significant hazard ratios indicating a strong link between education, income, occupation, and diabetes prevalence.
- Environmental factors only weakly mediate the relationship between SEP and T2D, suggesting that while lower SEP leads to a less healthy environment, this isn't the primary driver for increased diabetes risk.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!