The understanding of the mechanisms for the development of ascites has evolved over the years, involving the liver, peritoneum, heart, and kidneys as key responsible for its formation. In this article, we review the pathophysiology of ascites formation, introducing the role of the intestine as a major responsible for ascites production through "a game changer" case.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101498 | DOI Listing |
Curr Cardiol Rep
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, J2-3, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Purpose Of Review: We describe the evolution of caval valve implantation (CAVI) as a treatment for severe symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in the high surgical risk patient.
Recent Findings: Surgical treatment of severe TR is often limited by the high surgical risk of the patients who tend to develop severe secondary TR. Coaptation, annuloplasty, and orthotopic replacement strategies are all limited by annular and leaflet geometry, prior valve repair, and the presence of cardiac implantable device leads.
Biomedicines
December 2024
Oncological Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
: The current possible treatments of advanced medullary carcinoma (MTC) include different drugs belonging to the class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs): vandetanib, cabozantinb, and selpercatinib. Although the effects of these TKIs have been well described in clinical trials, the real-practice evidence of the effectiveness and safety of these treatment is scant. This real-world case series aims to describe a niche of patients with advanced MTC treated with more than one TKI by focusing on treatment responses and any reported adverse events (AEs) and to provide additional insight on the individualized approach to the management of metastatic MTC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUpdates Surg
December 2024
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Minimally Invasive and Robotic HPB Surgery, Transplantation Service, Federico II University Hospital, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
The extended application of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has revealed the problem of graft size mismatching, potentially leading to the "small-for-size syndrome" (SFSS). SFSS is a rare dysfunction that may affect a partial liver graft, characterized by coagulopathy, cholestasis, ascites, and encephalopathy. A key role in the physiopathology of SFSS is played by portal hypertension (PHT) to which a small allograft is submitted after reperfusion, resulting in sinusoidal congestion and hemorrhage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetab Brain Dis
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Development of overt hepatic encephalopathy (oHE) is a particularly feared complication when considering treatment with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). However, the pathophysiology of HE, in particular after TIPS-insertion, is complex and valid predictors remain scarce. We aimed to investigate whether systemic inflammation markers (SIM) are linked to minimal (mHE) and overt HE (oHE) development before and after TIPS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Small Anim Pract
November 2024
Division of Internal Medicine, San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Padua, Italy.
Objectives: To assess the parameters utilised by and the diagnostic performance of two traditional veterinary classification schemes (named A and B) based on ascites total protein and total nucleated cell count, the Boyer's criteria based on ascites lactic dehydrogenase activity, its serum ratio and the serum total protein, a simplified Boyer's criteria based on ascites lactic dehydrogenase activity and serum total protein only, and finally the serum-ascites albumin gradient in discriminate the pathophysiological origin of the ascites formation in dogs.
Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional study including 291 client-owned dogs with ascites. Ascites aetiology was used to classify the pathophysiology of its formation.
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