Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a rare complication due to persistent measles infection, characterized by cognitive and motor deterioration. Because subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is considered a potentially fatal complication of measles and usually presents in young populations, particularly those with measles infection under the age of 2 years, new approaches to implement vaccination programs must be devised to help avoid the worsening of patient outcome. Until the disease is eradicated globally, children in all regions of the world remain at risk of measles infection and its respective complications, and therefore, the vaccine is considered the optimal preventative measure. The legacy of measles virus goes beyond the immediate complications. Our study, therefore, aims to provide a comprehensive review on the updated insights into subacute sclerosing panencephalitis as a complication, as well as the extent and future considerations pertaining to vaccination programs in the pediatric population.
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The measles virus matrix F50S mutation from a lethal case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis promotes receptor-independent neuronal spread.
J Virol
December 2024
Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a lethal neurological disorder occurring several years after measles. Reconstruction of the evolution of the measles virus (MeV) genome in an SSPE case suggested that the matrix (M) protein mutation M-F50S, when added to other mutations, drove neuropathogenesis. However, whether and how M-F50S would promote spread independently from other mutations was in question.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContemporary Treatment Practices for Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Nationwide Survey Among Adult and Pediatric Neurologists in India.
Ann Indian Acad Neurol
November 2024
Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Article Synopsis
- SSPE is a rare, progressive disorder caused by a lingering mutant measles virus in the brain, with unclear treatment strategies among neurologists.
- A survey of 298 Indian neurologists revealed insights into their management practices, showing varied preferences for therapies such as Isoprinosine and valproate.
- There is a significant gap in follow-up care for SSPE patients and an urgent need for clearer treatment guidelines to improve patient outcomes.
Substantial Improvement in a Patient with Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: An Unusual Case Report.
Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y)
November 2024
Department of Neurology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
Background: Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) is a fatal disorder marked by gradual cognitive and motor deterioration, leading to death typically within 1-3 years.
Case Report: A 20-year-old woman with progressive abnormal behaviour, forgetfulness, and involuntary movements showed significant improvement after treatment with interferon and isoprinosine. Initially severely cognitively impaired and dependent, she regained independence and demonstrated marked cognitive enhancement, her MMSE improved from 15 to 28 and reduced myoclonus.
CSF Interleukins-12, 17 and Interferon-γ Levels in Children with Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis.
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Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) & Associated Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia (RML) Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a devastating fatal condition caused by mutated measles virus. It predominantly affects children of younger age and invariably leads to mortality. Though reported rarely, the disease continues to cause significant morbidity in children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA measles virus collective infectious unit that caused lethal human brain disease includes many locally restricted and few widespread copy-back defective genomes.
J Virol
November 2024
Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
During virus replication in cultured cells, copy-back defective viral genomes (cbDVGs) can arise. CbDVGs are powerful inducers of innate immune responses , but their occurrence and impact on natural infections of human hosts remain poorly defined. We asked whether cbDVGs were generated in the brain of a patient who succumbed to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) about 20 years after acute measles virus (MeV) infection.
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