Measuring orthorexia nervosa is challenging due to the use of various existing tools and problems with sample representativeness. Another challenge for the Polish population is the adaptation of existing research tools and the evaluation of their relevance and research reliability. Our research aimed to adapt the TOS to the Polish language and measure pathological and nonpathological orthorexic behavior among the Polish population. The adaptation of the PL-TOS has high psychometric value and allows us to assess healthy and nervous orthorexia levels. This scale can be used not only for further research but also for diagnostic purposes in the daily work of clinicians and psychologists. Our results obtained in the present study indicate a correlation between TOS and both the use of supplements and diet. Higher TOS, ORTO_R and KZZJ_Diet Restrictions scores were obtained for individuals using dietary supplements than for those not using dietary supplements. In the future, it is worth conducting research aimed at various risk groups of individuals with orthorexia to confirm the psychometric properties of this adaptation of the TOS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16050638 | DOI Listing |
BMC Med Inform Decis Mak
January 2025
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
Background: Reference intervals (RIs) are crucial for distinguishing healthy from sick individuals and vary across age groups. Hemoglobinopathies are common in Pakistan, making the quantification of hemoglobin variants essential for screening. Direct RIs are established by measuring values from a healthy reference population, whereas indirect RIs, use statistical analysis of routine lab data to estimate values, making it feasible in settings where direct data is unavailable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEsophagus
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterological Chemotherapy, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Cancer Institute Hospital, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-Ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
Background And Purpose: It remains unclear whether the lymph-node ratio (LNR) is a relevant factor for the risk of recurrence following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF), which is a new standard of care for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Japan. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of LNR as a risk factor for recurrence.
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 75 patients who underwent nCT-DCF followed by curative surgery for resectable ESCC.
BMC Oral Health
January 2025
Basic Dental Sciences Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, PO Box 2000, Zarqa, 13110, Jordan.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate and compare the histological response of rabbit dental pulp after direct pulp capping with 3 different materials: mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), nanoparticles of fluorapatite (Nano-FA), and nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (Nano-HA) after 4 and 6-week time intervals.
Material And Methods: A total of 72 upper and lower incisor teeth from 18 rabbits were randomly categorized into 3 groups)24 incisors from six rabbits each. MTA Group: teeth were capped with MTA.
Front Sociol
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
Introduction: Non-normative sexual behaviors were traditionally studied from a psychopathological perspective, although nowadays a distinction is made between paraphilia (nonpathological) and paraphilic disorder (mental disorder).
Methods: The present study aims to examine the differences between a group of millennials ( = 173) and centennials ( = 159) in their appetite for these sexual behaviors without the preconception of these behaviors as harmful or pathological.
Results: Differences in appetite related to exhibitionism and foot fetishism were found in the first instance, with millennials showing a greater appetite for these.
Oral Oncol
January 2025
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China. Electronic address:
Objective: Optimizing clinical decision-making in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is challenging due to the ambiguous understanding of the immune cell dynamics and immune checkpoints regulation in the disease after the administration of neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NIT).
Methods: HNSCC biopsy samples collected before and after the neoadjuvant treatment are classified into the pathologic response (PR) and the non-pathologic response (NPR) groups according to treatment responses and the expression of immune cells and checkpoints was labeled using multiplex immunohistochemistry (m-IHC).
Results: The populations of CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, regulatory T cells (Treg), PD-1, and PD-L1 were particularly higher in the PR group than the NPR group in pre-treatment tissues, with the p-values of log-transformed positive cell density <0.
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