From risk to resilience: Climate change risk, ESG investments engagement and Firm's value.

In line with Sustainable Development Goals, firms are increasingly incorporating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) considerations in their investment strategies. The effect of firms' climate change risk (FCCR) on firms' Value (FV), and how such investment engagements moderate this effect, is a prominent subject of debate among scholars, investors, and policymakers. To examine these dynamics, we analyze a dataset of 1771 United States (US)-listed firms from 2006 to 2021 to quantify the effect of FCCR on FV. We use the generalized method of moments model to achieve our objectives. The major findings are summarized as follows: First, FCCR has a negative and significant effect on FV. Second, ESG investments positively and significantly influence FV. Third, ESG investments significantly moderate the FCCR-FV relationship. We confirm our estimations are robust under different estimations strategies. Finally, this article provides a fresh perspective on risk management with significant policy implications for investors, managers, and regulators in the US. We suggest that ESG investing is an important strategic catalyst for US firms.