Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) has a long history of safe use as an aromatic herb, flavoring, tea, food supplement, and traditional medicine. An aqueous extract of the leaves of M. officinalis is intended for use as a food ingredient, however the existing safety database does not contain any high quality toxicological studies to support safe consumer exposure. Therefore, a standard tier 1 genotoxicity battery (bacterial reverse mutation and in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus tests) and a 90-day repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats were conducted in accordance with GLP and OECD guidelines. The genotoxicity studies confirmed that aqueous lemon balm extract is not genotoxic at up to the highest concentrations tested (5000 μg/plate or 5000 μg/mL). A non-GLP 14-day dose range finding study was conducted prior to the 90-day study to confirm dietary administration of aqueous lemon balm extract at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.6, or 5.0%. The 90-day study was conducted using the established dietary concentrations and no test substance-related adverse effects on clinical, hematological, biochemical, macroscopic, or histopathologic parameters were reported. Thus, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level was determined to be at least 3046.1 and 3720.9 mg/kg body weight/day (the highest doses tested) for male and female rats, respectively.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2024.114565 | DOI Listing |
Nat Med
January 2025
Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
JAAPA
January 2025
In the PA program at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Fla., Elizabeth Brownlee is director of didactic education and Melissa Turley is interim program director and a clinical assistant professor. Heather Nations practices in obstetrics and gynecology at UF Health Physicians in Gainesville. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has led to significant advances in the treatment of blood cancers such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, and now shows promise for solid tumors. This type of immunotherapy can achieve high response rates in patients with hematologic malignancies, but carries serious adverse reactions, including cytokine release syndrome and immune-effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome. This article describes CAR T-cell therapy, guidance for primary care providers caring for patients undergoing therapy, and the ongoing need for research to enhance CAR T-cell therapy's safety and effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Aff (Millwood)
January 2025
Thomas C. Tsai Harvard University and Brigham and Women's Hospital.
With the rapid expansion of veterans' access to community care under the Veterans Affairs Maintaining Internal Systems and Strengthening Integrated Outside Networks (VA MISSION) Act of 2018, ensuring that veterans receive high-quality community care has become a national priority. Using Veterans Health Administration (VHA) data and Medicare performance scores, we assessed how clinicians' performance on quality measures differed between those who treated veterans within the VHA Community Care Network and those who did not. We found that in 2022, 66.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovasc Diabetol
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.
Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) treatment reduces cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes. Yet, the impact of GLP-1RA treatment before ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on long-term prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes remains unclear. In patients with STEMI and type 2 diabetes, we aimed to investigate the association between long-term prognosis and GLP-1RA treatment before STEMI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
January 2025
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Background: In a world confronted with new and connected challenges, novel strategies are needed to help children and adults achieve their full potential, to predict, prevent and treat disease, and to achieve equity in services and outcomes. Australia's Generation Victoria (GenV) cohorts are designed for multi-pronged discovery (what could improve outcomes?) and intervention research (what actually works, how much and for whom?). Here, we describe the key features of its protocol.
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