AI Article Synopsis

  • The exposome encompasses all environmental, dietary, lifestyle, and occupational exposures from birth to death, influencing individual health and disease risk.
  • A study using data from the Personalized Environment and Genes Study (PEGS) examined the associations between these exposures and 11 common diseases, highlighting relationships with factors like socioeconomic status and specific occupational hazards.
  • The research employed an AI tool to differentiate between previously known and new associations, revealing both replicated risk factors (like sleep and smoking) and novel occupational risks across multiple diseases.

Article Abstract

The exposome collectively refers to all exposures, beginning and continuing throughout life, and comprises not only standard environmental exposures such as point source pollution and ozone levels but also exposures from diet, medication, lifestyle factors, stress, and occupation. The exposome interacts with individual genetic and epigenetic characteristics to affect human health and disease, but large-scale studies that characterize the exposome and its relationships with human disease are limited. To address this gap, we used extensive questionnaire data from the diverse North Carolina-based Personalized Environment and Genes Study (PEGS, n = 9, 429) to evaluate exposure associations in relation to common diseases. We performed an exposome-wide association study (ExWAS) to examine single exposure models and their associations with 11 common complex diseases, namely allergic rhinitis, asthma, bone loss, fibroids, high cholesterol, hypertension, iron-deficient anemia, ovarian cysts, lower GI polyps, migraines, and type 2 diabetes. Across diseases, we found associations with lifestyle factors and socioeconomic status as well as asbestos, various dust types, biohazardous material, and textile-related exposures. We also found disease-specific associations such as fishing with lead weights and migraines. To differentiate between a replicated result and a novel finding, we used an AI-based literature search and database tool that allowed us to examine the current literature. We found both replicated findings, especially for lifestyle factors such as sleep and smoking across diseases, and novel findings, especially for occupational exposures and multiple diseases.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10914401PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/exposome/osae002DOI Listing

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