AI Article Synopsis
- Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are rare and classified as nonfunctioning (NF-PNET) or functioning (F-PNET) tumors, with F-PNETs often producing noticeable hormone-related symptoms.
- A case study describes a patient initially diagnosed with NF-PNET who developed hypoglycemia due to a malignant insulinoma two years later, suggesting a possible delayed transformation from NF to F-PNET.
- Treatment for hypoglycemia included diazoxide and hepatic artery embolization, with management options for malignant insulinomas focusing on hormone regulation and reducing tumor size, though these tumors generally have a poor prognosis.
Article Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms characterized into nonfunctioning (NF-PNET) and functioning (F-PNET) subtypes. F-PNETs typically involve overt symptoms related to excessive hormone secretion but may rarely present first as NF-PNETs with delayed transformation. We present a patient with known NF-PNET with liver metastases who developed hypoglycemia 2 years after initial diagnosis due to malignant insulinoma. Hypoglycemia was refractory to continuous dextrose but improved temporarily after diazoxide and hepatic artery embolization. Malignant insulinomas are usually metastatic at presentation and portend poor prognosis. Hypoglycemia may be medically managed with steroids, somatostatin analogues, and diazoxide, along with therapies to reduce tumor burden.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10914231 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/crj.0000000000000954 | DOI Listing |
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